考研长难句讲义终稿详解.docVIP

考研长难句 句子结构 简单句 简单句的五种基本结构 A girl comes. She is attractive. I like her. I make her happy. I give her a diamond ring. 并列句 两个或以上独立分句 并列连词 各分句主谓完整 各分句意思同等重要，互相独立 主要连词： and， or， but，neither…nor，yet 2000年Text1 A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. 复合句 一个主句和一个或多个从句 主句表达主要意思 从句表达次要意思 三大从句 名词性从句 名词从句引导词 对应的简单句类型 引导词是否作成分 引导词是否可以省略 连词that 对应于陈述句 不作成分，无实际含义 在不影响句子意思的情况下，宾语从句的that可以省略 连词whether\if 对应于一般疑问句 不作成分，有“是否”得含义 不能省去，因为有“是否”的含义 连接副词when,where, why,how 连接代词who,whom,what, which, whose 对应与特殊疑问句 When,where, why,how在从句中作状语；who,whom,what作主语、宾语、表语；which和whose作定语，后接名词 不能省去，因为既作“成分”又有“实际含义” 一、主语从句 that引导的主语从句 whether引导的主语从句 特殊疑问词引导的主语从句 that引导的主语从句 That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. （1998年Text5） That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. （2006年Text3） 常见的主语从句的类型 1. It is +形容词+that 从句 It is obvious/necessary/likely/fortunate/true that… It is true that English is becoming an international language. 2000年翻译 Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry. 2. It is +过去分词+that 从句 It is believed that(人们认为…) It is generally thought that （人们普遍认为…） 1995年考研完形 For example, it has long been known that total sleep deprivation is 100 percent fatal to rats. 1992年翻译 But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems. 3. It is +名词短语+that It is a fact that… It is a common knowledge that It is my belief that… It is common knowledge that whale is not a fish. It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. (Pride and Prejudice) 4. It +不及物动词+that 从句 It seems that… It follows that…因此 It happens that…碰巧是 It turns out that…结果 It seemed that Canada was once more