2013导航考研英语讲义（全集）.docVIP

2013导航考研 “早起鸟计划”——英语复习先行班 英 语 讲 义 主讲：肖克 中国考研第一权威品牌 2013年考研英语阅读以及长难句全面提速 Part 1难句分析三大原则 原则一：拆分意思群体，迅速抓住主干难句之难在如何整为零，如何在复杂的结构中分析清楚主干和从句，如何拨开云雾见光明。关键要抓住意思群体，比如一个谓语的成分多达十个单词，就不能一个一个单词翻译，要把他们想成整体。定语从句很长，要抓关键的意思，不能眉毛和胡子一起抓。很多学生喜欢逐字阅读，过于咬文嚼字，而忽视了句子的整体性。还有些同学碰到难句子就划黑色的圆圈，结果到头来什么也看不出。不要拘泥于难词，因为很多难词并不是正确答案的所在。 原则二：熟悉难句的类型以及特殊的分析技巧 难句很多种多样,从句型上看有定语从句, 状语从句,名词性从句从短语类型上看,有分词状语,动名词短语,介词短语从成分的特殊位置看, 有倒装句, 插入语省略情况分割结构从语气看有虚拟语气建议语气等。对不同的难句采取专项突破一定会起到事半功倍的效果。 原则三：利用语法、不靠语法 即在考研中，考生永远也不需要考场上分析一句话的语法成分，也不要想这句话有没有语法错误，考生的唯一任务就是现场迅速的读懂文章。然而在初期可以少量的运用语法，目的有二：一为初学者如果看不懂句子结构，往往会感到心情沮丧，或大脑混乱，根本就读不文章，因此引入语法能够给读者以信心；二为运用语法，可以了解文章的语法结构，并最终完全熟悉各种类型的句子，达到一遍就可以读懂句子效果。Part 2各种句型的类型 1．英语基本的句型 (1) 主----谓结构(SV) All the folks in the theatre were deeply moved. The existence of both racial and sexual discrimination in employment is well documented. (2) 主---系---表(SVC) She is feeling depressed today. To be or not to be is a hard thing. (3) 主---谓----宾(SVO) All parents have to solve the problems of freedom and discipline. Early upbringing in the home is affected both by the educational pattern of the country and by the parents’ capabilities. (4) 主----谓----直接宾语----间接宾语(S-V-Od-Oi) He offered me a great hand. The modern white furniture and the special painting give the store an expensive look. (5) 主----谓---宾语----宾语补语(SVOC) Tom made Jim cry loudly. Some students hold it a sensible choice to reform the economic system. We consider it a good opportunity to study abroad. We painted the roof red. (6) 主----谓---宾语----宾语-------同位语 Some women are normally inactive in social activity in the Arabian country but,all of a sudden, start a political campaign, an action that turns against the present political system. 2．各种从句的类型 一. 主语从句阅读 That inflation strikes the economic system and causes severe economic crisis is well-known. 2.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers have shown is just how fast things are going. 二. 宾语从句阅读 Cartwright believes that one can exercise co