医学英语疾病介绍——乳腺癌.pptVIP

The incidence of breast cancer from age 40 to 60 years generally, But chinese patients with early age of onset, The 45-year-old is the maximum age of sickness.(乳腺癌的好发年龄为40~60岁，但我国患者发病年龄提前，45岁为发病最高峰) Hormonal influence(激素影响): Long duration of reproductive life(育龄的长时间持续) Nulliparity([,n?li‘p?r?ti]未产妇) Late age at first child(老龄生育) Functioning ovarian([???ve?ri:?n]) tumor(卵巢肿瘤影响) Fibrocystic disease(乳腺纤维囊性病) Radiation exposure(射线照射) Obesity(肥胖) Genetic predisposition遗传倾向) The most obvious risk factor for breast cancer is being a woman. Men get the disease, too, but it is about 100 times more common in women. Other top risk factors include being over age 55 or having a close relative(有亲缘关系) who has had the disease. But keep in mind that up to 80% of women with breast cancer have no family history of the illness (80%的乳腺癌患者 并无家族病史). Being overweight(过度肥胖), getting too little exercise(极少锻炼), and drinking more than one alcoholic beverage per day(每天喝超过一定量的含酒精饮料) can raise the risk of developing breast cancer. Birth control pills(避孕药) and some forms of postmenopausal([p??st,men??‘p?z?l]) hormone therapy(某些形式的绝经后激素疗法) can also boost your risk(提高发病几率). Recent studies suggest that physical activity(体育活动) may help lower the risk of a recurrence(降低复发率) and it‘s a proven mood-booster(被公认为“愉悦情绪激发器”). There are often no symptoms of early breast cancer, but sometimes women may discover a breast problem on their own. Signs and symptoms to be aware of may include: A painless lump(无痛的肿物) in the breast. Changes in breast size or shape(乳房大小和形状改变). Swelling in the armpit([‘ɑ?mp?t]). (腋窝处隆起) Nipple c