心肺复苏CPR-教学课件(英文)摘要.ppt

* Agonal rhythms without a pulse are another form of PEA. Discuss that PEA may be due to true EMD, the end stage of many severe cardiac conditions. Review the findings in true EMD. Stress that because of its very poor prognosis, a rapid search for treatable causes is the key strategy. Stress that only a few reversible causes exist, and they must be found and treated quickly. * Bradyasystolic rhythms without a pulse are another form of PEA. Mention that asystole is a flat line that will be discussed further in a later case. Comment on the 2 drugs used for non-specific PEA. Epinephrine is administered every 3 to 5 minutes during cardiac arrest. Atropine is used to treat relative bradycardia (remind the group of their answers to the earlier rhythms in regards to giving atropine). Informal surveys suggest that many ACLS providers consider atropine one of the standard agents for treating PEA, without reference to the rate of the electrical activity. Until specific evidence accumulates otherwise, follow the ACLS recommendation of limiting atropine to absolute or relative bradycardia. The shorter dosing interval (every 3 minutes) is possibly helpful (Class IIb) in cardiac arrest. * * * * This algorithm was also simplified. You should find it necessary to make very little changes in your scenario. Part 7.3 in the 2005 Guidelines is very helpful in organizing your thought processes for management of bradycarida. * * * * * The algorithm is only one page. Ask the students several questions about patients so that they have the opportunity to find all tachycardia patients. Remind the students that expert consultation should be utilized. Biphasic energy levels are given and previously discussed in Case #3 (VF). The H’s and T’s are again given as a reference. Ask the students questions so that they find this a helpful box on the algorighm. Part 7.3 of Guidelines 2005 is very helpful for the management of tachycardia. Patients stratified as Stable or Unstable, then by Na