重质含硫原油脱硫工艺技术评价及优化研究_孙相博教程概述.doc

题目：重质含硫原油脱硫工艺技术评价及优化研究 姓 名： 孙相博 指导教师： 陈微 专 业： 学 院： 学习形式： 助学单位： 论文完成日期： 年 月 日 重质含硫原油脱硫工艺技术评价及优化研究 摘要 H2S是一种毒性很大的气体,造成环境污染,对人体也会产生严重危害,并且在工业生产过程中,H2S的存在还会对设备造成腐蚀,我国油田所采原油大部分为低硫原油,在过去,原油的产量尚可自给自足,但是随着经济的发展,人民生活水平的提高,我国对原油的需求量越来越大,进口原油逐年增多,其中有很大一部分为含硫原油,因此随之而来的就是对脱硫技术的迫切需求。而对于高含硫稠油,由于稠油本身的高密度、高粘度等特点,使其脱硫存在一定的困难,目前国内没有形成比较成熟的原油脱H2S技术,然而,原油的脱硫问题却不容忽视。 H2S的常压沸点介于乙烷(C2)和丙烷(C3)之间,因此,在原油脱气的过程中,分离出C2和C3的同时也可以将其中所含的H2S分离出来,基于这一原理,在汽液相平衡理论的基础上进行了原油脱H2S的研究。 在对状态方程和活度系数方程等热力学模型研究的基础上,根据现场实验数据优选适合原油脱硫的计算模型。然后对多级分离、负压闪蒸、分馏以及气提四种工艺进行了软件模拟研究,对每种工艺的影响因素进行敏感性分析,在此基础上优化各工艺的操作参数,并做详细的对比分析,确定每种工艺的适用范围。研究结果表明气提工艺的脱硫效果最好,适合含硫量高的原油的脱硫化氢处理。 关键词：含硫稠油，脱H2S，多级分离，负压闪蒸，分馏，气提 Study and Optimization of H2S Removing Methods of Heavy Crude Oil Containing H2S Abstract H2Sis an acid gas with great toxicity. It causes environmental pollution and damage to human beings. Many industrial processes produce H2S and a lot of fabrication equipments’ corrosion is caused by H2S. Most crude oil that produced in our country is low crude oil. In the past, the quantity of crude oil extracted at home is enough for peoples’ life and economic development. But in the recent years, with the remarkable improvement growth of peoples’ life and the great development of national economy, the quantity of oil demanded become larger and larger. The oil import is growing every year and a large part of it is sour crude oil with H2S. In view of the above, the demand of the oil desulfurization technology is becoming urgent. But for the viscous oil, because of its high density and high viscosity properties, it is much harder to remove the H2S in it. Until now, there haven’t been any matureH2Sremoving experiences at home. So the study on the desulfurization methods is extremely needed. The atmospheric boi