虫草属菌物多糖生物活性及效应机制.docVIP

虫草属菌物多糖的生物活性及效应机制【摘要】 　　21世纪的生命科学是糖生物学时代。多糖具有低毒性和生物活性多样的特点，并在生命过程中有不可或缺的作用。虫草属菌物是一类具有复杂有效成分和广泛药理作用的天然药物资源，颇受人们的关注。该文基于促进虫草属菌物多糖的开发利用，重点就虫草属菌物多糖的生物活性、效应机制等方面的必威体育精装版进展进行述评。 【关键词】 虫草 多糖 生物活性 效应机制 　　Bioactivities and its Mechanisms Fungal Polysaccharides from Cordyceps Genus 　　XIAO Jian-hui 　　1 Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medicinal College, Zunyi 563003, China; 　　2 State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China 　　Abstract：Cordyceps species such as Cordyceps sinensis, C. ophioglossoides, C. sobolifera and C. militaris are well-known traditional Chinese medicinal materia and are used as an alternative medicine remedy to promote health and longevity for people in China and other Asian regions. Polysaccharides are one of major ingredients of Cordyceps fungi, which possess diversified pharmacological actions including immunomodulatory, hypoglycaemic, hypocholesterolemic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant etc. Therefore, there is an increasing public interest in the Cordyceps polysaccharides that may be regarded as a vital natural source for discovering new drug around the world. The present progress focusing on the bioactivities and its mechanisms of Cordyceps-derived polysaccharides in recent years has been reviewed in this paper. 　　Key words：Cordyceps; Polysaccharide; Bioactivity; Acting mechanism 虫草属菌物具有丰富而特殊的化学成分和广泛的药理作用，是一类重要的天然药物资源。譬如，冬虫夏草Cordyceps sinensis (Berk. ) Sacc.，蝉花C. sobolifera ( Hill . ) Berk.，大团囊虫草 C. ophioglossoides ( Ehrenb) Link. 等虫草属菌物是我国的名贵中药，有悠久的药用史［1］。虫草属菌物是一类特殊的复型虫生菌物，有性阶段在分类学上属于子囊菌门(Ascomycota)，核菌纲(Pyrenomycetes)，肉座菌目（Hypocreales），麦角菌科(Clavicipitaceae)，虫草属(Cordyceps)。据英国CABI Bioscience菌物名称数据库统计()，已登载了五百余种虫草属菌物。由于长期以来传统形态分类技术自身的局限性及人为因素的影响，同物异名（复合种）难免搀杂其中，因此目前普遍认为有三百余种［2］。虫草属菌物的无性阶段主要归属于半知菌门，涉及到三十多个属。再有虫草属菌物具有多型现象、复无性型现象、假定无性型以及无性阶段易变异等事实［3］，因此，虫草属菌物的物种资源具有复杂多样的特点。食药用菌物多糖广泛的生物活性，在药物研发方面前景广阔，多糖也成为虫草二次性化学成分开发利用的重点方向。