3-基于空间信息源的多尺度地形图智能化缩编体系研究与实践.doc

基于空间信息源的多尺度地形图智能化缩编体系研究与实Zhang Bisheng Xiangtan City Geotechnical Surveying Design Institute, Hunan?Xiangtan 411100 摘要：各种比例尺地形图担负着不同的社会、经济职能，多尺度地形图生产和建库，是基础地理信息系统建设的重要内容，也是信息库建设的重点和难点。以往获得较小比例尺地形图成果，一是按照尺度划分规则分别测绘，二是采用制图综合软件逐级梯度缩编，无论哪种方法都存在着效率低、时间长、更新困难、质量因人而异的缺陷。研究采用新的技术方法，基于空间信息源的多尺度地形图智能化缩编，借助空间信息数据库的整体性、适应性、拓展性、算法先进性和超强分析能力，运用空间信息拓扑关系，建立基本比例尺图形数据库，在信息数据库中智能化完成梯级比例尺缩编、跨比例尺缩编及任意比例尺缩编，自动建立相应比例尺图形数据库，同时保障多尺度图形数据库及时更新和维护，具有成本低、速度快、精度高、通用性强、按需供图的特点和优势。湘潭市数字城市工程实践证明：基于基础信息源数据进行地形图智能化缩编的体系、架构、理论和方法是可行的，且具有广泛的社会推广应用价值。 Abstract: Maps of different scales contain different contents and have different social and economic functions. The production and database building of these maps are an important and difficult part of GIS database building. In the past, maps of small scales could be obtained mainly through stepped generalization of large-scaled maps by using digital map generalizing software, which was characterized by low-efficiency, time-consuming, difficult upgrading and unstandardizd quality. This paper aims at a research on how to establish spatial topological relationship, build database of maps of fundamental scales, accomplish intelligent generalization of adjacent-scaled maps,nonadjacent-scaled maps and randomly-scaled maps, then automatically establish database of maps of various corresponding scales , and guarantee timely data updating and maitaining of multi-scaled map database, by making use of the integrity, adaptability, applicability, advanced calculation method and extraordinary analyzing ability of GIS database. This has the advantage of low cost, high speed, great accuracy, good applicablility and map-providing according to needs. Xiantan Digital City Project proves the feasibility and social value of GISidMAPR system, framework, theory and method proposed by this research. 关键字：地图制图技术；空间数据库智能化缩编地形图系统GISidMAP；空间信息源；缩编规则库；特征编码库；级联缩编；智能化纠错；自动转换DSM模型；图元要素水印 Key Words: Cartographic technology; GISidMAP ; Spatial information Source; Generalization rule datab