《[CPS历史]司马迁_班固游侠思想比较》.pdfVIP

·95 · 　　　　　　史 　学 　月 　刊 　　　　　　　　　　　 2003 年 　　第 6 期 ·史学理论与史学史· 司马迁、班固游侠思想比较 张 光 全 (阜阳师范学院 历史系 ,安徽 阜阳 236032) [ 关键词] 司马迁 ;班固 ;游侠 ;《史记》;《汉书》 [摘　要] 司马迁、班固史学思想的差异是多方面的 ,究其根由 ,除了他们的个人经历、识见不尽相同外 ,关 键还在于两人所处的历史环境不同 ,而由此促成的两人游侠思想的差异即是很好的例证。随着汉政府对游侠 打击的力度不断加大 ,两汉社会群体的价值取向经历着从崇侠到抑侠的心理转变 ,马、班承此影响 ,在《史记》、 《汉书》中虽然同为游侠立传,但目的迥异 ,他们对游侠的好恶及对游侠范围的界定亦存有差异 , 以至形成了两 人不同的游侠观。 [ 中图分类号] [ 文献标识码] [ 文章编号] ( ) K092 = 32 　 A 　 2003 A Contrastive Study of Sima Qian ’s and Ban Gu’s Attitudes towards Chivalry ZHAN G Guangquan ( Depart ment of History , Fuyang Teachers ’College , Fuyang 236032 , A nhui , Chi na) Key Words :Sima Qian ;Ban Gu ;chivalries ; Records of the Historian ; The Book of Han Dynasty Abstract :Sima Qian differed from Ban Gu in many aspects of historical ideology. Among various reasons , apart from their respec tive experience and knowledge ,the different historical environment they lived in cannot be overemphasized ,and it resulted in dif ferent attitudes of Sima Qian and Ban Gu towards chivalries. This paper points out that ,as the Han governments devoted in creasing efforts to attacking the chivalries ,the social groups’values of the Han Dynasty underwent great conversions from ad miring the chivalries to belittling them. Sima Qian and Ban Gu were inevitably affected by these reasons. Although there were bi ographies of chivalries in The Records of the Historian and The Book of Han Dynasty ,they served different purposes. Sima Qian and Ban Gu expressed different opinions towards chivalries and defined them from different aspects. 　　司马迁和班固对中