chapter英语翻译方法.pptVIP

吴宜涛 2013/6 Chapter 12Translation of Long Sentences Contents 汉、英长句的特点 顺序翻译法 逆序翻译法 拆分翻译法 汉语和英语中都有长句，但在句子的结构上差异很大。汉语是一种重意合、主题显著的语言，句子中的主谓成分较难确认，尤其在长句中更是如此。汉语中连词的使用频率远远没有英语中连词使用的频率高。尽管汉语句子结构松散，但构句非常注重意义的连贯，起承转合一般是隐含在字里行间的。“逻辑顺序”是汉语构句所遵循的规律，在时间上重视“时间的先后顺序”，在逻辑上重视“前因后果关系”。 英语的长句是由基础结构“主语+谓语”扩展开来的，其扩展方式可以是增加句子的修饰语，也可以是增加并列成分，或者是利用短语或从句充当句子成分。英语重形合，除句子的主语和谓语之外的其他成分往往是通过各种连接手段（如使用介词、连词、关系代词和关系副词等）同主谓成分挂钩建句。英语句子内部的语义成分既有“顺序排列”，也有“逆序排列”，还有“插入式排列”等，比如英语句子中的定语既有前置也有后置，状语性短语或分句的位置也非常灵活。 Follow the Original Order From the standpoint of the developing countries, the next decade should see a greatly accelerated program for scientific and technological cooperation, aimed at widespread dissemination of technology for meeting the basic needs of man, such as nutrition, shelter, communications, health and sanitation. 从发展中国家的观点来看，下一个十年应有一个大力加速科学技术合作的纲领，旨在广泛传播技术，从而满足人们诸如营养、住宅、交通、卫生保健的基本需要。 The interests of peace prompt us to speak in restrained and measured language and to avoid any escalation of mutual recrimination which would be likely to compromise the patient and discreet quest for a peaceful settlement of this conflict. 和平的利益促使我们用克制而有分寸的语言来讲话，以避免互相指责的升级，因为这种升级很可能会有损于耐心、慎重地寻求和平解决这一冲突的办法。 我国目前正在修订专利法和商标法，拟议要修订的许多内容都要进一步向国际标准和国际化靠拢；有的即使准备分两步甚至三步走，那也是为了做好协调工作，稳妥前进，避免欲速则不达。 China is at present revising its Patent Law and Trademark Law, and many of the contents recommended for revision are coming closer to international standards and internationalization; in respect of some other contents, although preparations are being made to revise them in two or even three steps, it is only for the sake of accomplishing the task of harmonization properly, ensuring steady progress and avoiding the hazard of “more haste, less speed”. Invert the Original Orde There is nothing more disappointing to a hotess who has gone to a lot of trouble or expense than to have her guest so interested in talking politics or business with her husband that he fails to notice the flavor of the coffee, the light