《word translation》.pptVIP

Chapter 1 Translation of Words Part 1: Translation at Different Levels 1.1 Unit of Translation 1.2 Translation at Different Levels 1.1 Unit of Translation The unit of translation is the minimal stretch of language that has to be translated together as one unit. 1.2 Translation at Different Levels 1.2.1Translation at Phonological Level 1.2.2 Translation at Morphological Level 1.2.3 Translation at Word Level 1.2.4 Translation at Phrase Level 1.2.5 Translation at Sentence Level 1.2.6 Translation at Discourse Level Part II Diction Tension is building up. 2.1 Word choice 2.1.1 Grammatical analysis Word formation Singular and plural effect (s); work (s); minute (s); premise (s); quarter (s); custom (s) Parts of speech: Referential relationship: Sentence elements 2.1.2 Contextual and logical analysis 2.1.3 Pragmatic analysis 2.2 Word collocation A cat miaows /mews/purrs.猫“喵喵”叫。 A dog yaps/ yelps/ barks/ snarls.狗吠。 A duck quacks.鸭子叫。。 A cock crows.公鸡啼。 A fly hums/ buzzes/ drones.苍蝇“嗡嗡”叫。 A bee/ mosquito hums/ buzzes.蜂/蚊子“嗡嗡”叫。 A chick cheeps/ pips/ pules/ peeps.小鸡“叽叽”叫。 A bird/ sparrow twitters /chirps/ chirrups.鸟/麻雀“唧唧喳喳”叫。 A rat squeaks.耗子“唧唧”叫。 A mouse squeaks/ peeps.老鼠“吱吱”叫。 A calf/lamb/goat bleats.小牛/小羊/山羊叫。 A sheep bleats/ baas.绵羊咩咩叫。 An ass/donkey brays.驴叫。 A wild - goose honks.雁鸣。 A crow caws /craoks.乌鸦叫。 A crane whoops.鹤叫。 A magpie chatters.喜鹊“嘁嘁喳喳”叫。 A nightingale jugs.夜莺叫。 A frog croaks.青蛙“呱呱”叫。 A goose cackles/ gaggles.鹅“嘎嘎”叫。 A dove/ pigeon coos/ croods/ croodles.鸽子“咕咕”叫。 A bear/bull bellows.熊/公牛吼叫。 An elephant trumpets.大象吼叫。 A fox yelps.狐狸叫。 A lion roars.狮吼。 A monkey screeches/ chatters/ gibbers.猴子“喳喳”叫。 A snake hisses.蛇嘶嘶。 A tiger growls.虎咆哮。 A turkey gobbles.火鸡叫。 A whale blows.鲸啸。 A wolf howls.狼嚎 2.3 Extension of word meaning Part III Word Translation Techniques 3.1 Generalization Specification In the modern world salt has many uses beyond the dining table. What is known is that weight extremes in either directi