北京住区规划设计演变的空间句法解析.pdfVIP

学术论文专刊 AJ ACDEMIC ARTICAL ISSUE 北京住区规划设计演变的空间句法解析 A SPACE SYNTAX INVESTIGATION OF THE CHANGES IN RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT PLANNING AND DESIGN IN BEIJING 窦强 Dou Qiang 摘要/运用 “空间句法”研究方法，将北京城市边缘9个新近 “门禁社区”规划设计案例与6个改革开放前后的小区规划设计案例和1个传统胡 同街区基准案例进行了纵向比较，以期揭示新近门禁社区规划设计在街道组构特性上的变异。图示分析发现，街道组构轴线模型的“整合核心”的 分布模式有类属性变化。对案例轴线模型的度量分析则揭示了总的两类变化趋向：第一类，与北京城市郊区化进程相关联，是对传统胡同街区设 计在街道组构特性上的进一步背离；另一类，与从公共到私有住宅开发模式的转变相关联，则可以被看作是对传统胡同街区设计在街道组构特性 上的不同程度回归。这些变化趋向不仅会对住区空间的使用与体验有潜在的直接影响，而且具有更广泛的社会意义。 关键词/住区规划设计 演变 空间句法 门禁社区 胡同街区 北京 ABSTRACT/ By u sing sp ace syntax approach , n ine recen t gated community d esigns at the urb an edge of Beijing ar e cross-comp ared with six earlier small district designs and a traditional Hutong neighbourhood as a b enchmark case in order to reveal the changes in terms of their street configuration . As the visu al in sp ection of the axial representations of street configuration shows, there are generic changes in the distribution p attern s of the ‘integration cores ’of axial line structures. Then the numeric analy sis of measures of axial line structures shows two general kinds of tendencies of changes: one which is correlated with the process of suburb anisation in Beijing is a further dep arture from the traditional Hutong neighbourhood design ; while the other one which is correlated with the change from public to private residential development s can b e seen as a return to the traditional Hutong neighbourhood design to a different degrees. These changes will not only have potential immediate imp act s on sp ace u se and experience, but also wider societal implications. KEY WORDS/ residential district planning and design, evolution, sp ace syntax , gated community , Hutong neighbourhood , Beijing 自20世纪90年代初市场经济和住房改革以来，大量的私有住 规划设计一样，这些案例的主要的居住形式是集合公寓式住宅，但 宅开发已取代过去的公共福利住宅开发。在北京，这些新的私有住 在住区街道模式的设计上采用了类似于美国雷特朋(Radburn)新城