MiRNA及其与肺癌早期诊断的新认识.pdf

综　　述 Zongshu　　《中国医学创新》第 9 卷 第 30 期（总第 240 期）2012 年 10 月 MiRNA及其与肺癌早期诊断的新认识 ① 曾凤枝 【摘要】　 　　 MicroRNA（MiRNA）是一类长约 18~22 个核苷酸的小分子非编码 RNA，能调节转录后靶基因的表达，其在机体内的生长发育， 细胞繁殖、代谢、凋亡等生理过程中发挥着重要作用。MiRNA 具有癌基因或抑癌基因的双重作用，且具有组织特异性。MiRNA 表达水平的 变化与肿瘤形成密切相关。肺癌是严重危害人类健康的疾病，其发病率和病死率已占全球恶性肿瘤的首位。其恶劣预后多归因于早期诊断能 力差和治疗效果欠佳。近年来，在肺癌诊断中具有高度敏感性和特异性的 MiRNA 备受关注。作为血清标志物，MiRNA 将为肺癌早期诊断提 供了新的重要的途径。 【关键词】 　　 　微小 RNA ；　肺癌 ；　早期诊断 　　New Recognition on MicroRNA and Its Expression between Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer/ZENG Feng-zhi.//Medical Innovation of China，2012，9（30）：154-156 　　【Abstract】　MicroRNA（MiRNA） are small non-coding RNA of 18-22 nucleotides which participate in regulating gene expression in post- transcriptional level.To mankind，MiRNA play important roles in the physiological precesses of cell growth，cell proliferation，metabolism，apoptosis and so on.Different MiRNA may act to as oncogenes or antioncogenes，and all of them have tissue specificity.The changes of MiRNA expressive level are also closely related to the formation of cancer.Lung cancer is the disease that threatens the public health，both is incidence and fatality rate are the highest among all cancers，and the persistent dismal prognosis is largely attributable to late diagnosis and treatment.In recent years，investigator have focused on the discovery of early diagnostic methods on cancer，especially on early diagnosis of lung cancer.As a blood tumor marker，MiRNA may be to provide a new important way for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. 　　【Key words】　Micro RNA;　Lung cancer;　Eealy diagnosis ’ ’ 　　First-author s address ：People s Hospital of Hanshou County，Hanshou 415900，China 　　doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2012.30.099 　　肺癌是导致全球癌症死亡的最主要原因，每年因肺癌 MiRNA[5] ，参与生命过程中一系列重要进程，包括发育、增殖、 死亡的人数超过 100 万，且每年新增病例 120 万。肺腺