英语长难句的处理.docVIP

I. 英语长难句的处理 1. 分析句法结构，找出句子的中心内容及其多层意思 2. 分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系 3. 按照汉语特点和表达方式来翻译 1) 顺译法 英语中有这样两种类型的长句，一种是层层包孕的长句。这种句子的特点是主句带从句，从句中又包含一个小从句，小从句中有时还包含另外一个小从句，一句套一句，层层包裹。这时如果英文的叙述次序，在时间或逻辑上与汉语大致相同的话，就可以一层一层地依次译出。 a. Among Mr. Mott’s first acts, after helping to get his family settled, was to arrange to take possession of the small car which a departing American friend had left in France, and which Mr. Mott had bought from him by mail, sight unseen. 莫特先生把家里人安顿下之后，头一件事情就是去办理一辆小汽车的转让手续，这是一位回国去的美国朋友留在法国的，莫特先生跟他通信买了下来，见还没有见过呢。 b. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。 c. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. 这样巨大而非个人的对资金和产业的操纵极大地增加了股东的数量和他们作为一个阶级的重要性，这是国家生活中代表不负责任的财富的一个因素，这种财富不但远离了土地和土地拥有者的责任，而且几乎同样与 公司的负责任的管理毫无关系。 d. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. 随着家庭离开他们原来稳定的社区，离开他们多年的朋友和扩展的家庭关系，非正式的信息流动被切断了，随之而去的是对在需要时能获得可靠和值得信赖的信息的信心。 e. The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC--including ordinary listeners and viewer to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. 这场辩论是由政府发动的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人一包括普通的听众和观众一来说说这个公司好在哪里或坏在哪里，甚至要说说他们是否认为这个公