中英文翻译--工业机器人.docVIP

Industrial robots There are variety of definitions of the term robot. Depending on the definition used, the number of robot installations worldwide varies widely. Numerous single-purpose machines are used in manufacturing plants that might appear to be robots. These machines are hardwried to perform a single function and cannot be reprogrammed to preform a different function. Such single-purpose machines do not fit the definition for industrial robots that is becoming widely accepted.this definition was developed by the Robot Institute of America. A robot is a reprogrammable multifunctional mainipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks. Note that this definition contains the words reprogrammable and multifunctional. It is these two characteristics that separate the ture industrial robot from the various single-purpose machines used in modern manufacturing firms. The term “reprogrammable” implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program, and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufactureing tasks. The term “multifunctional” means that the robot can, through reprogramming and the use of different end-effectors, perform a number of different manufacturing tasks. Definitions written around these two critical characteristics are becoming the accpted definitions among manufacturing professionals. The first articulated arm came about in 1951 and was used by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. In 1954, the first programmable robot was designed by George Devol. It was based on two important technologies: Numerical control (NC) technology. Romote manipulator technology. Numerical contorl technology provided a form of machine control ideally suited to robots. It allowed for the control of motion by stored programs. These programs contain date points to which the sequentially moves, timing signals initiate