如何调查牛奶产量【荐】.pptVIP

* Morning milking of a Bororo cow (with her calf) at Dantiandou, august 2012. photo Kalilou Adamou * Two Fulani women from Boundou Warou on their way to the market in Dantiandou 20km away with a calabash of curd milk and a pot with butter balls. Photo Pierre Hiernaux * * * * * * * * Presentation of the monitoring technique at Guru Yena camp. Photo Adamou Kalilou * * * * * * * Milking the dataMeasuring household milk production in extensive livestock systems. Experimental evidence from Niger Alberto Zezza (World Bank) Giovanni Federighi (University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’) Objectives, motivation and background Methods tested (focus on questionnaire design) Results Conclusions Outline Key objective: Assess and improve quality of milk production data in multi-topic household surveys Neglect in African ag statistics Importance of livestock for livelihoods Importance of milk (income, food security, nutrition) Household heterogeneity (as opposed to ‘tech. parameters’) Inherent difficulties in data collection Methods matter! Competing approaches exist, but little ‘hard’ evidence on what works Possible amplification of impact, given national and international partnerships Direct use in future surveys (beyond the project countries) Motivation and objectives Livestock and livelihoods in Niger GNI: 650 USD pc (PPP) Life expectancy: 55 yrs. Poverty: 60% (nat’l), 44% (1 $/day) Malnutrition: 55% stunting (under-5’s) Pop. :17 mln. (82% rural), 4%/year growth Ag.: 43% of GDP, of which 12% Livestock 9 mln. cattle 23 mln. sheep and goats Dominant (agro-) pastoral system Measurement particularly deficient in current surveys Produced daily, but with seasonal patterns Varies depending on the lactation stage It can be fed to calves Productive/lactating animals may be present but not necessarily milked Non-standard units widely used Importance for livelihoods, nutrition of rural poor Why Milk? Context: Survey experiments/validations Consumption exp. (Scott and Amenuvegbe, 1