SAT 阅读之不可不知的写作手法.doc

SAT 阅读之不可不知的写作手法 　　在 SAT 阅读中总有一些让学生觉得匪夷所思的题目，让学生措手不及，其中很多学生不能理解命题者 的考点范围是什么。其实每道题目都有一个考点核心，了解题型核心实质当然是破解题型的本质。今 天要看到的就是最容易让学生忽视，最容易让学生误解的写作手法涉及的考点。 　　首先我们先来看一下 2010 年 5 月短双的一道题目 　　Passage1：Liars may betray themselves through linguistic mistake, but the main sources of betrayal are the emotions. 　　Passage2：Clumsy deceivers are sometimes visibly agitated, but in general there is no such thing as “typical” behavior. 　　7 Lines1-2, Passage1(“ Liars may…emotions”), and lines18-20, Passage2(“Clumsy…behavior”), both contain instances of 　　A simile 　　B paradox 　　C euphemism 　　D qualification 　　E understatement 咋看之下，很多学生从选项上认为这为一道修辞手法题目的考查，殊不知这里面暗藏杀机。这一道题 的选项设置其实混杂了一些修辞手法和一些写作手法。这道题的错误率相当高，并且学生在对完答案 之后，完全不理解为什么答案为 D 选项。因为在他们的眼里，qulification 是资格的意思，怎么也 和原文的句子理解挂不上勾。多数学生选择的是 B 选项。他们认为 paradox 为矛盾语，那么定位句子 为矛盾的，就为答案。那么现在来看一下 qulification 与 paradox 的区别： 　　Qualification 　　1 a pass of an examination or an official completion of a course, especially one conferring status as a recognized practitioner of a profession or activity 资格证明，合格证书 　　2 quality or accomplishment that makes someone suitable for a particular job or activity 　　资格，条件 　　3 a statement or assertion that makes another less absolute 限制，限定;限定条件，限定事 项 　　另外在朗文(Longman)词典上是意思是：something that you add to a statement to limit its effect or meaning [= reservation] 而这个词的动词意思(Qualify)在牛津上为：to add sth to a previous statement to make the meaning less strong or less general 　　Paradox 　　A paradox is a seemingly true statement or group of statements that lead to a contradiction or a situation which seems to defy logic or intuition. (Wikipedia) 　　1 a tenet contrary to received opinion 　　2 a : a statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet is perhaps true 　　b : a self-contradictory statement that at first seems true 　　c : an argument that apparently derives self-contradictory conclusions by valid deduction 　　from acceptable premises (Merriam-Webster) 　　Eg：War is peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is stren