UK - Education英语国家概况.pptVIP

UK Education Empowerment v Control Questions What is education really for? What are the controversies* in British education? What is it like to study at a British school or university? In what ways is it similar or different to China? Classical, Social or Utilitarian*? Different (perhaps conflicting) aims in all education systems: Maintaining high educational standards and promoting morality and national unity Creating a more equal society by making education free and allowing freedom of expression and creativity Promoting national prosperity** and preparing people for their future careers State Education Ending elitism;* bringing education to the working classes: 1870 - Education Act 1880 - Compulsory (5-10 yrs) 1891 - Free Education Act 1947 - Compulsory to 15 yrs (16 in 1972) 1960s - ‘Comprehensive’ schooling (i.e. entrance exams abolished) ‘Equality’ v ‘Excellence’ (Is it possible to have equality and excellence?) Recent governments have tried to: make state schools more independent from local government control encourage private management of state schools bring private schools’ standards of excellence to state schools Results: some evidence of improvement but hard to prove. Education, Class Politics Less elitist than before, but..... Exams The System (Eng., Wales N.I.) ‘GCSE’ (at 16 years old) (7-8 subjects) ‘A level’ (at 18 years old) (3 subjects) Scotland: ‘standard grades’ (7-8 subjects) Scotland: ‘Highers’ (5 subjects) Is England’s system too specialised? Grades – better or easier? Students are getting higher grades (2005): A - 23.8%, B - 23.3%, C - 17.2%, D - 9.1% The most popular subjects: English (11%), General Studies (7.6%), Biology (6.9%), Mathematics (6.7%), Psychology (6.4%). Languages and sciences have declined* compared to other subjects such as psychology and media studies. Is this the result of better teaching or easier exams? Chinese in the UK comment... Lack of respect: A teacher: “Some of the kids were very badly be