浅论检察职能的优化配置.doc

摘  要  检察职能的优化配置是检察改革的核心内容，是完善中国特色社会主义检察制 度的重要内容。长期以来，理论界和实务界对检察权的性质定位争议很大，大多采 取对权力属性进行解读的研究进路分析推导检察机关性质，一些学者秉持西方法律 范式的立场，以诉讼制度与诉讼结构为视角，推导出检察权配置的模式，提出检察 机关应回归为公诉机关，甚至提出取消检察机关的观点。同时，检察机关内部的一 些学者秉持本位论的立场，从维护检察权的完整性、统一性出发，强调检察职能的 绝对统一性，弱化内在矛盾的对立性，或者从法律监督的文义出发，提出将检察职 能扩张为一般监督。这些观点上的分歧，造成检察职能配置理论上的模糊性，直接 影响到法律监督职能的发挥，进而影响到宪法对检察机关的定位。在法学家共同体 主流话语权的推动下，湖北、北京等地检察机关在现有的法律框架内，对检察职能 的优化配置方式进行了一系列创造性探索，为完善检察制度提供了有益借鉴。本文 以宪政体制为视角，通过对检察权的价值内涵和功能进行分析，对不同法律范式中 检察职能配置方式进行比较，分析检察职能配置的矛盾运动规律，运用矛盾的对立 统一论的原则立场，对我国检察职能结构及运行方式进行技术性研究，分析检察职 能配置失衡的现实困境及成因，进而系统提出以诉讼职能与诉讼监督职能适当分离 为核心的职能优化配置路径。  关键词：检察职能  优化配置  诉讼职能  诉讼监督职能  分离  I Abstract Optimal allocation of procuratorial functions is the core of the procuratorial reform and it’s also the major content to perfect the procuratorial system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. For a long time , there is much difference in defining characteristics of procuratorial power between theory and practice. Most people adopt an approach to interpreting the nature of procuratorial power and analyze the character of procuratorial organ. Some scholars stand up for western legal mode and deduce the pattern of allocation of procuratorial power based on lawsuit system and lawsuit constitution.They think the procuratorial organ should return to public prosecution organ and they even put forward the view of abolishing the procuratorial organ. In the meantime , some scholars of  the  procuratorial  organ  preserve  completeness  and  unity  of  procuratorial  power ,emphasize absolute unity of procuratorial functions and weaken contrariety of inner contradiction. They think procuratorial functions should be expanded to ordinary supervision according to the literal meaning of legal supervision. As a result , the differences between the views lead to vagueness of procuratorial functions in theory , which directly makes it hard to bring the functions of legal supervision into effect and define the procuratorial organ by the constitution. Pr