English of Physics.pdfVIP

English in Physics PART 1 THE PHYSICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF MECHANICS 一、Kinematics 力学：Mechanics 机械运动：Mechanical motion 参考系:Reference system 运动学 （动力学）: Kinematics 位移：Displacement 加速度: Acceleration 速度: Velocity 二、 Laws of Conservation 守恒定律： Laws of conservation 运动积分：Integral of motion 动量：Momentum 惯量:Inertia 能量:Energy 动能: Kinetic energy 角动量: Angular momentum 势能: Potential energy 功率:Power 保守力: Conservative force 保守力场: Conservative force field 三、Mechanics of a Rigid Body 刚体: Rigid body 转动:Rotation 平动:Translation 质心: Center of mass 瞬时转动: Instantaneous rotation 转动惯量: Moment of inertia PART 2 MOLECULAR PHYSICS 四、 General Information 热力学: Thermodynamics 分子运动论: Kinetic molecular theory 温度: Temperature 压强: Pressure 体积: Volume 质量:Mass 量纲（维数）: Dimension 无量纲量: Dimensionless quantity 元素的相对原子质量:Relative atomic mass of an element 状态参量: Quantity of state 平衡态: Equilibrium state 弛豫时间: Relaxation time 准静态过程: Quasistatic process 内能: Internal energy 理想气体: Ideal gas 热力学第一 （二、三）定律: The first ( two or three) law of thermodynamics 五、 Statistical Physics 统计物理: Statistical physics 概率: Probability 统计系综: Statistical ensemble 热运动: Thermal motion 宏观: Macroscopic 微观: Microcosmic PART 3OPTICS 六、 Interference of Light 干涉: Interference 振动: Oscillation 频率: Frequency 振幅: Amplitude 波长: Wavelength 相位差: Phase difference 光强: Light intensity 相干性: Coherence 干涉花样: Interference pattern 干涉条纹:Interference fringes 反射:Reflections 折射:Refractions 七、 Diffraction of Light 衍射：Diffraction 几何光学:Geometrical optics 焦平面: Focal plane 惠更斯-菲涅尔原理：Huygens - Fresnel principle 半波带：Half wave zone PART 4 ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM 八、 Electric Field in a Vacuum 电场：Electric field 真空：Vacuum 正负电荷：Positive and