黄土高原地区水土流失的特点, 危害及治理.pdfVIP

生态环境 Ecological environment 黄土高原地区水土流失的特点、危害及治理 李永红 高照良 （西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所，陕西 杨凌 712100 ； 中国科学院/水利部 水土保持研究所 生态工程技术研究中心，陕西 杨凌 712100 ） 摘要：黄土高原地处黄河中上游和海河上游。黄河流域自古就是人类文明的发祥地，为世界上面积最大的黄土分布 区。但由于黄土高原地区自然环境固有的脆弱，长期以来，因土地的不合理利用，水土流失严重，资源被破坏，生 态环境日益恶化，使黄土高原的生态环境在近两三千年内发生了深刻的变化。黄土高原水土流失问题，成为区域经 济发展的重要制约因素。文章总结了黄土高原地区水土流失的特点，分析了黄土高原水土流失造成恶化生态环境、 引发黄河水患、影响水资源合理和有效利用、危害农业生产、导致贫穷落后的危害。 关键词：黄土高原地区；黄土分布区；水土流失；危害；治理措施 文献引用：李永红，高照良. 黄土高原地区水土流失的特点、危害及治理[J]. 生态经济，2011 （8 ）：148～153. 中图分类号：S157.1 文献标识码：A The Loess Plateau Area the Characteristics of Soil and Water Loss, Damages and Management LI Yonghong, GAO Zhaoliang (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest AF University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China; Conservation Ecological Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS MWR, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China) Abstract: The loess plateau is located in the Yellow River upstream and haihe ethnics-people. The Yellow River is the cradle of human civilization since ancient times, for the biggest area loess defined. But because of loess plateau area itself inherent natural environment fragile, for a long time, because of land utilization, not serious soil erosion, resources are destroyed, worsening ecological environment, make the ecological environment of the loess plateau in recent years happened in profound changes. The loess plateau, become its soil erosion problems in the economic development of the important factor. The paper summarizes the loess plateau area of soil