宁夏南部山区某乡碘缺乏病健康教育的效果评价_临床医学论文.docVIP

宁夏南部山区某乡碘缺乏病健康教育的效果评价_临床医学论文 宁夏南部山区某乡碘缺乏病健康教育的效果评价_临床医学论文 作者：郑振兴，李丽，刘天锡，吴惠忠，尤文宁，王金莲 【摘要】 目的 评价宁夏海原县关庄乡“小手拉大手”碘缺乏病健康教育项目的实施效果，为宁夏南部山区消除碘缺乏的危害而采取有针对性的行为干预策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 在健康教育项目实施前后，分别问卷调查目标人群的碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率，抽样检测居民户的碘盐食用率，抽样调查8～10岁小学生的甲状腺肿大率。结果 健康教育项目实施后小学教师、四至五年级小学生、家庭妇女的碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率均提高（P＜0.01），居民户碘盐食用率上升（P＜0.01），8～10岁小学生的甲状腺肿大率下降（P＜0.01）。四至五年级小学生获取碘缺乏病防治知识的主要途径由大众传播转变为人际传播。结论 健康教育项目实施效果良好，与教师的积极参与及小学生的入户宣传有关，可在整个南部山区推广。教育与电视等媒介传播相结合，进一步提高家庭主妇等重点人群的防治知识知晓率，确保健康教育效果的可持续性。 【关键词】 碘缺乏病；健康教育；效果；宁夏 　　Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of health education program of Iodine Deficiency Disorders at Guanzhuang Town in Haiyuan County of Ningxia, and to provide a scientific basis for southern mountainous areas of Ningxia to take more targeted strategies and measures of behavioral intervention to eliminate hazards induced by iodine deficiency. Methods Before and after implementation of the program, respectively, the level of knowledge about prevention and control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in target population, household consumption rate of iodized salt , and Goiter rate of 8 to 10 years old primary pupil were surveyed. Results After the implementation of health education program of Iodine Deficiency Disorders the knowledge level of primary teachers, 45 grade pupil, and familial women all raised significantly (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, the rate of household consumption of iodized salt raised significantly (P＜0.01) and Goiter rate of students aged 8 to 10 declined significantly (P＜0.01).The main way the students of 4f Iodine Deficiency Diseases had changed from mass media dissemination to interpersonal dissemination. Conclusion The health education program gained a good effect in the implementation with the active participation of teachers and the household publicity by primary students, and would be promoted throughout the southern mountains of Ningxia. The program need to be combined with media dissemination such as TV to further improve the knowledge level of key crowds such