ChallengesintheInterpretationandComparisonofTrial：在解释和比较试验的挑战.pptVIP

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ChallengesintheInterpretationandComparisonofTrial：在解释和比较试验的挑战.ppt

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ChallengesintheInterpretationandComparisonofTrial：在解释和比较试验的挑战.ppt

. Cost-Effectiveness of Dabigatran Compared With Warfarin for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios compared with warfarin was $45,372 per QALY for high-dose dabigatran. Freeman JV et al. Cost-Effectiveness of Dabigatran Compared With Warfarin for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Jan 4;154(1):1-11. Epub 2010 Nov 1. What Variables Were Used to Calculate the Cost of INR Monitoring? Variables included in estimating the cost of INR monitoring were: The actual number of annual visits was used (average 16 visits) The cost in an RNs time and a GPs time were calculated in each case The cost of home testing was included (which was more expensive than office testing) The cost of a patient who did not show up for an appointment was included The cost of the laboratory staff in taking the blood sample The cost of analyzing the sample The sample transportation costs Limitations: Based on 2003 costs Does not reflect costs of INR performed elsewhere outside of GP office Does not include patient transportation costs, or the societal costs of a patient’s time off from work! Bj?rholt et al, BMC Family Practice 2007, 8:6doi:10.1186/1471-2296-8-6. /1471-2296/8/6/ C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. While estimates of what governments are willing to pay for are generally about $50,000 per year of life saved, hemodialysis costs approximately $129,000 per year of life saved. /time/health/article/0,8599,1808049,00.html How Much Is A Year of Life Worth? C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. How Much Is A Year of Life Worth? “Our Department of Transport, for instance, has a cost-per-life-saved threshold for new road schemes of about 1.5 million GBP per life, or around 30,000 GBP per life year gained. The judgment of our health economists is that somewhere in the region of 20,000-30,000 GBP ($31,600 USD to $47,400 USD) per quality-adjusted life year is the [threshold], but its not a strict limit.” Sir Michael Rawlin