新西兰根据国际会计准则第12号递延所得税会计处理外文翻译.docVIP

外文文献翻译 原文： Accounting for deferred taxes under NZ IAS 12 A “balance sheet” approach The most significant change in NZ IAS 12 from SSAP-12 is that the basis used to account for deferred taxes follows a balance sheet approach as opposed to an income statement approach. To calculate deferred taxes under the balance sheet approach, we must determine an entity’s temporary differences. Temporary differences are the differences between the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the balance sheet and its tax base (i.e., the amount attributed to the same asset or liability for tax purposes). In contrast, to calculate deferred taxes under the income statement approach, we must determine an entity’s timing differences. Timing differences arise when revenue and expense items are recognized in the calculation of accounting profit before or after they are included in the calculation of taxable profit. The focus of the deferred tax calculation in the balance sheet approach is on items that appear in the balance sheet, while for the income statement approach it is on items that appear in the income statement. However, since the income statement is a by-product of the balance sheet, all timing differences by definition must be a component of temporary differences (see paragraph 17 of NZ IAS 12 which hints at this point). In some situations, the amount of temporary differences will equal the amount of timing differences in a period. However, the amount of timing differences cannot be greater than the amount of temporary differences. This is because not all asset and liability items in the balance sheet necessarily have an effect that passes through the income statement and which would impact on deferred taxes. For example, a temporary difference, but not a timing difference, can arise when an asset is revalued upwards (with the increment in value recognized in equity and not in the income statement), but there is no equivalent adjustment made for tax purposes (see later for a m