生物专业英语chapter 3 Cellualr Biology.pptVIP

Professional Words and Phrases divide [divaid] vi. 分裂, 分开 apoptotic [?p?t?utik] adj. 细胞调亡的 necrotic [nekr?tik] adj. 坏死的, 坏疽的 cell cycle 细胞周期 cell cycle arrest 细胞周期阻滞 contact inhibition 接触抑制 cellular differentiation 细胞分化 transfect [tr?nsfekt] vt. 基因转染, 转植 tissue culture 组织培养 Professional Words and Phrases sterile technique 无菌操作技术 yeast [ji:st] n. 酵母, 发酵剂 biosafety cabinet 生物安全柜 laminar flow hood 层流净化罩 penicillin [penisilin] n. 青霉素 streptomycin [strept?maisin] n. 链霉素 antifungal [?ntif??g?l] adj. 抗真菌的, 杀真菌的n. 杀真菌剂 amphotericin [?mf?ter?sin] n. 两性霉素 metabolic process 代谢过程 acid [?sid] n. 酸, 酸性物质adj. 酸的, 酸性的 pH indicator pH指示剂 3.3 The Concepts in Mammalian Cell Culture – Additional Reading 5). Passaging cells Passaging (also known as subculture or splitting cells) involves transferring a small number of cells into a new vessel. Cells can be cultured for a longer time if they are split regularly, as it avoids the senescence associated with prolonged high cell density. Suspension cultures are easily passaged with a small amount of culture containing a few cells diluted in a larger volume of fresh media. For adherent cultures, cells first need to be detached; this is commonly done with a mixture of trypsin-EDTA, however other enzyme mixes are now available for this purpose. A small number of detached cells can then be used to seed a new culture. 3.3 The Concepts in Mammalian Cell Culture – Additional Reading 6). Transfection and transduction Another common method for manipulating cells involves the introduction of foreign DNA by transfection. This is often performed to cause cells to express a protein of interest. More recently, the transfection of RNAi constructs has been realized as a convenient mechanism for suppressing the expression of a particular gene/protein. DNA can also be inserted into cells using viruses, in methods referred to as transduction, infection or transformation. Viruses, as parasitic agents, are well suited to introduce DNA into cells, as this is a p