具有数显功能的智能交通灯论文修改打印版.docVIP

二 〇一三 年 五 月 摘 要 随着经济的发展，城市现代化程度不断提高，交通需求和交通量迅速增长，城市交通网络中交通拥挤日益严重，道路运输所带来的交通拥堵、交通事故和环境污染等负面效应也日益突出，逐步成为经济和社会发展中的全球性共同问题。 本系统采用MSC-51系列单片机为中心器件来设计交通灯控制器，进行交通路口的管理。它用简单的硬件电路模拟交通信号灯的交替变换，实现红绿灯循环点亮，用LED数码管作为倒计时指示。本次设计中增加了车流量检测电路，采用实时检测控制系统，可以更加灵活的根据道路车辆的流量来调节红、绿灯的延迟时间，实时的控制当前交通灯时间使LED显示器进行倒计时工作并与状态灯保持同步，在保持交通安全的同时最大限度的提高交通能力，顺畅交替运行，大大提高交通运输的运行效率，还可以减少交通事故，节省能源消耗，具有巨大的现实意义。 关键词：路口管理；LED显示；51单片机；车流量检测; 交通灯 Abstract With the development of economy and the improvement of urban modernization level, the traffic demand and the number of cars have been growing rapidly. As the traffic congestion, traffic accidents and environment pollution are becoming more obvious, they surely become the economic and social problem globally. This system uses MSC-51 series microcontroller to design the traffic controller to manage the traffic road. It uses simple hardware circuit to simulate the alternative transformation of the traffic lights and to realize the circular illumination of the lights. We use the LEDs as the countdown instructions. In this project, we add the traffic detection circuit, which uses real-time detection control system, can be more flexible according to the road traffic flow to adjust the delay time of the red and green lights. This design make sure that the LED can keep pace with the state lamp. What is more, while it keeps the traffic safe ,it can make the traffic running smoothly, improve the efficiency of traffic greatly, and can also reduce traffic accidents, save energy consumption. Above all, this system has great realistic signification. Key words：Intersection management; LED display; MCU51; traffic detection ; Traffic light 目 录 1绪论 1 1.1交通灯研究的背景和意义 1 1.1.1课题研究的背景 1 1.1.2课题研究的意义 1 2交通控制方案设计 2 2.1 系统设计目的 2 2.2交通信号灯的控制方法 3 2.2.1 定时控制和感应控制 3 2.2.2 单片机交通控制系统的通行方案设计 4 2.2.3十字路口交通信号亮灯的顺序设定 6 2.3 车流辆检测 6 3 硬件设计 9 3.1 MCS-51单片机简介 9 3.1.1 单片机的内部结构 10 3.2 引脚功能和中断源 11 3.2.1 主要引脚功能 12 3.2.2 MCS—51的中断源 13 3.3 交通灯中的硬件电路图 14 3.3.1信号整形电路 15 3.3.2按键控制电路 16 4 系统软