基础英语基础语法（三）.pptVIP

基础英语基础语法(三) * * 介词: 简单介词 about, across, after, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, besides, between, by, down, during, for, from, in, like, of, off, on, over, near, past, round, since, through, to, towards, under, until, up, with; 合成介词 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, without; 成语介词 in front of, as to, because of 介词不能在句中独立充当一个成分, 而需和一个名词或与之相当的东西构成介词短语, 来在句中充当一个成分.和介词构成短语的那个部分成为介词宾语.能充当介词的宾语的主要有: 名词 I am from Guangdong. 代词 How much luggage can I take with me? 动名词 She is fond of skating. 从句或不定式短语 He gave a lesson on how to improve soil. 系表结构小结 主语可以是指示代词,人称代词,名词; 系动词为am, is, are; 表语可以是名词,形容词,数词,介词短语. 例: This is a big tree. I am 15 (fifteen).-------- How old are you? The river is deep. Liu Dehua is from Hongkong. The red book is on the desk. This secretary is 25 (twenty-five). She is pretty. And she is from China. 两个”有” 表示存在关系的”有” There be ( is/ are ) + n. + 介词短语 There is a bird in the tree. There are apples on the tree. There is a boy and three girls in the classroom. There are three girls and a boy in the classroom. 否定句: There aren’t three girls and a boy in the classroom. There aren’t any girls and boys in the classroom. 一般疑问句: Are there three girls and a boy in the classroom? 特殊疑问句: (three girls and a boy) What are there in the classroom? (in the classroom) Where are the three girls and a boy? 表示拥有与所有 have / has She has a new book. The book is about English. I have a sister. I haven’t any sister. (英式英语) Have you any sister? (英式英语)