毕业论文--70T通用敞车总体结构设计.doc

摘 要敞车是一种具有端、侧壁而无车顶的车辆，主要供运送矿石、矿建物资、木材、钢材等大宗货物用，也可用来运送重量不大的机械设备。敞车约有35 万辆，占我国货车总量的60%。我国货车总的来说，载重小，运行速度低是我国货车运营能力差的主要原因。所以，要提高我国货车的运营能力，研究设计高速重载货物列车非常重要。本设计基于以上状况，根据车辆设计参考手册的基本理论和敞车车体结构基本参数计算校核原则，对70T通用敞车进行总体结构设计，研究了敞车的性能，改善了敞车现有状况。对敞车的主要结构车体、转向架、车钩缓冲装置、制动装置的主要性能参数和尺寸进行设计计算。本设计主要内容是底架梁的设计，底架是车体的基础、是主要的受力部件。因此底架结构的设计非常关键，通过仔细分析底架受力情况设计中梁、大小横梁、枕梁、端梁和侧梁的尺寸、选材和在底架的布置。最后得出中梁和侧梁的挠度和跨度控制是提高车辆的性能的关键。侧墙、端墙是在底架的设计基础上进行设计的，结合实际受力，侧墙和端墙为板柱式结构，组焊而成，侧墙由上侧梁、侧柱、侧板、连铁、斜撑、侧柱补强板及侧柱内补强座等组焊而成，端墙由上端梁、角柱、横带及端板等组焊而成。同时，分别设计出各构件的参数，使其应力强度达到标准。本设计选用17号车钩，MT-2型缓冲器，转K6型转向架。本设计依据设计手册，利用ANSYS软件，通过车体底架建模和受力分析，进行强度校核，计算结果表明，设计的车体符合标准要求，有一定的适用价值。 关键词： 敞车；车体结构；技术参数；挠度；强度 AbstractGondola car is used with transporting large goods:mineral,fabric material,lumber,steel product and so on,and transporting machinery which weight is small.China holds about 350000 gondola cars which is 60% in freight car.After 6 times acceleration on passenger train,The techenological level of the speed-increasing has constantly,but freight car is lower compered to passenger train freigh car.With the combination of the need of railway transport development,the development trend of the high-speed freight car and the suggestions for new design of the high-speed freight car is put forward.So improving freigh car is very critical.With the ever-increasing development of our countrys economy,the demands for high-speed freight car in railway transport will increase rapidly. Faced with the demands for high-speed freight car, it is necessary to further develop speed-increasing wagons.This thesis was writed in accordance with reference book of equipment esigning and princinples of technical parameter which teaches the structure of gondola cars .General structure of C70 are keystone to the thesis.All of contents are finished by me . Bogie parts and components including general structure of C70 contains designing of structure,technical parameter ,test result and view of gondola cars. Base of vehicle is the most important in all, b