矿山采动致灾链式效应与控制研究.docVIP

 矿山采动致灾链式效应与控制研究# 高峰1,2，周科平1,2，刘福萍1* （1. 中南大学资源与安全工程学院，长沙 410083； 5 10 15 20 2. 湖南省深部金属矿产开发与灾害控制重点实验室，长沙 410083） 摘要：在矿山工程系统及其灾害特征分析的基础上，将灾害链概念进行拓展并引入到矿山灾 害研究中。提出了开采扰动作用所诱发链式次生灾害事故的采动致灾链式效应，以及根据 矿山工程灾害的因果性和潜在性特征进行地下矿山采动链式效应的阻断（断链）减灾的观 点。在灾害链式理论的基础上，探讨了采动灾害链效应的数学表达。进一步根据采动致灾 岩石内部结构裂隙间的作用关系和演化路径，提出矿山灾害承灾体的岩石（围岩）系统具 有从微细观到宏观的多尺度孕育到诱发的过程特征，并给出多维尺度下采动灾害孕源断链 减灾的实例。 关键词：采动致灾；链式效应；多尺度；断链减灾 中图分类号：P694 Chain Effect and Control Research of Disaster Induced by Mining GAO feng1,2, ZHOU Keping1,2, LIU Fuping1 (1. School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083; 2. Hunan Key Lab of Mineral Resources Exploitation and Hazard Control for Deep Metal Mines,Changsha 410083) Abstract: Based on analysis of mining engineering system and mine disaster characteristics, the concept of disaster chain is developed and introduced into research on mine disaster. This paper 25 30 35 40 has put forward the view of chain effect of disaster induced by mining disturbance, and chain-cutting disaster mitigation according to characteristics of causality and latency. On the basis of disaster chain theory, mathematic model of chain effect of disaster induced by mining was discussed. A further study on the effect relationship and evolution path of fracture in rock under mining disturbance shows process characteristics of multiscale from microcosmic and macroscopic of surrounding rock system , which is the supporting body of mine disasters. Meanwhile, examples of chain-cutting disaster mitigation from fountainhead under multiscale were presented. Key words: disaster induced by mining；chain effect；multi-scale；chain-cutting disaster mitigation 0 引言 一个完整的矿山工程系统，是一个动态的、有层次的、可实行反馈的开放系统，它是由 一系列复杂子系统相互作用、相互联系构成，并与周围环境进行着物质、能量和信息的交换 [1] 界，是导致矿山灾害发生背景和不同工程灾害相关性的重要判据。因此，矿山工程系统内灾 害与事故的发生必然不是孤立的、静止的，而是与人为作用及周围环境密切相关。虽然，对 于地下矿山灾害的发生机理和控制措施研究方面已取得了很多有价值的研究成果，且矿山灾 害学也逐渐成为一门独立的学科分支得到发展[2]。但从灾害之间的连续性、关联性以及系统 集成的角度对灾害诱发机理的研究仍有待加强。因为不同类型的灾害机制之间耦合作用必然 基金项目：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题（2011016