英语词汇学(第九讲).pptVIP

English Lexicology The Idiomatic Aspect of English Word Combination（II) 1. Classifications of English Idioms There are five groups of idioms in English 1) Idiomatic expressions with specific grammatical structures 2) Phrases identified with the familiar parts of speech 3) Idioms not correlative with a given grammatical part of speech 4)Idioms expressing greeting, surprise, praise, or criticism 5)Proverbs 1.Idiomatic expressions with specific grammatical structures Double genitive case A friend of mine A friend of me A play of Shakespeare’s A play of Shakespeare A picture of the student’s A picture of the student Conversion why and wherefore 理由，个中究竟 the ins and outs 内情，来龙去脉 2. Phrases identified with the familiar parts of speech adj.+ n a wet blanket 扫兴的人 narrow escape 九死一生，幸免于难 white elephant 无用而累赘的东西 n. + n. brain drain 人才流失 fly leaf 扉页 n. + prep. + n. a bag of bones a bird of passage 候鸟，漂泊不定的人 a dog in the manger 在某位不谋其政 a pie in the sky 不大可能实现的允诺 3. Idioms not correlative with a given grammatical part of speech Phraseological idioms Distinctive in structure, active-passive He kicked the bucket. He burned the candle at both ends. (to use too much energy) 起早贪黑地干，废寝忘食 4. Idioms expressing greeting, surprise, praise, or criticism How do you do? How are you doing? (greeting) You don’t say (so) (slight surprise) Good for you. (praise) No business of yours. (criticism) 5. Proverbs Proverbs are a special kind of English idioms. They are rich in content and succinct in wording. According to their structures English proverbs have the following groups: 1) the elliptical sentence First come, first served. Once bitten, twice shy. More haste, less speed. Out of sight, out of mind. Better late than never. Easier said than done. 2) the simple sentence A stitch in time saves nine. Every dog has his day. The early bird catches the worm. Practice makes perfect. 3) the imperative sentence 祈使句 Grasp the nettle and it won’t sting you. 困难像弹簧，你硬它就软。 4) the