英汉翻译实务第10讲--技巧篇.docVIP

英汉翻译实务第10讲词类转换 课时安排：2节 教学目的要求：通过学习，同学们能够了解翻译时并学会词汇转换的策略。 教学重点：名词动词之间的互换。 教学难点：词类转换时的词义选择及表达。 教学内容： A saw is used to saw, a bag is used to bag, a file is used to file. A flirt flirts, a snoop snoops and a spy spies. By conversion, we mean the change of parts of speech in translation. Owing to the syntactical differences between English and Chinese, it is usually impossible for a translator to keep to the original part of speech in the process of translation. As a matter of fact, a word belonging to a certain part of speech in one language sometimes has to be converted into a different part of speech, so as to bring forth a readable and coherent sentence. Therefore, conversion is one of the important and commonly adopted translation techniques. Generally speaking, conversion of parts of speech in English-Chinese translation takes the following forms. Conversion into Verbs Nouns into Verbs 1) 一些习语中的主体名词可以转换成动词 eg. have a rest, go for a walkWe don’t have any idea when the boy was born. (不知道) She is too tired to have the faintest desire to dance. （一点儿也不想） 2) 含有动作意味的名词可以转换成动词A. The abuse of drugs has become one of America’s most serious social problems. 滥用毒品已经成为美国最严重的社会问题之一。B. A view of Fuji Mountain can be obtained from here. 从这里可以看到富士山。3) 由动词派生出来的名词可以转换成动词A. The government called for the establishment of more technical schools. 政府号召建立更多的技术学校。B. The new situation requires the formation of a new strategy. 新形势要求制定新的战略。C. An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the study of current affairs. 读一点世界史，对学习时事是有帮助的。D. I call for cooperation in the economic and technical sectors among the countries the world over. 我呼吁世界各国在经济、技术方面进行合作。4）由动词+er构成的名词可以转换成动词 A. There were various possible players for the role. 可能扮演这个角色的有好几个人B. Some of my classmates are good singers. 我的同学中有些人歌唱得很好。Prepositions into Verbs At noon, he came home for lunch. 他中午回家吃午饭。The president took the foreign guests about the campus. 校长带外宾们参观校园。 Adjectives into Verbs Many English adjectives after a link ver