基于单片机的转速表设计2.doc

基于单片机的转速表设计 作者姓名：邹光明 专业名称：自动化 指导教师：杨明 讲师 摘要 随着现代科学技术的发展，计量技术相应地也得到迅速发展。在这个领域中，数字仪表越来越现实它的优越性和生命力：精度高、速度快、便于记录、控制和传递，因而数字式仪表得到了广泛的应用。在转速计量方面，数字转速表更是一种理想的测量仪器。随着微型计算机的广泛应用，特别是高性能价格比的单片机的出现，以单片机为核心的数字转速表更是得到了广泛应用。 本文便是运用AT89C51单片机控制的数字式转速表。电机在运行过程中，需要对其进行监控，转速是一个必不可少的参数。数字式转速表就是对电机转速进行测量，并可以和PC机进行通信，显示电机的转速，并观察电机运行的基本情况。本设计主要用AT89C51作为控制核心，由霍尔传感器，LED数码显示管，施密特触发器等构成。充分发挥单片机的性能。本文重点是数字转速表的硬件电路和软件设计。 本设计优点是电路较简单、功能完善、测量速度快、精度高、控制系统可靠，性价比较高等特点。 关键字：AT89C51 转速表 数字 Abstract With the development of modern,measurement technology has been rapid development. In this area,the digital instrument is more realistc its superiority and vitality: high precison, fast, easy to record, easy to control and transmission, so the digital instrument has been used widely. In the measurement of motor speed,digital tachometer is an ideal measuring instruments. With the extensive application of micro-computer, especially the emergence of single-chip, high performance and low cost, making the digital tachometer has been widely applied as the microcontroller core. This article, we use the AT89C51 microcontroller to control the digital tachometer. During operation, the motor needs to be monitoring, speed is an essential parameter. Digital tachometer to measure motor speed, and can communicate with a PC, display the motor speed, and observe the motor running. This design with AT89C51 as control core, by the Hall sensor, LED digital display tube, the composition of the Schmitt trigger,and so on. Give full play to the performance of the microcontroller. This article focuses on the hardware and software design of the digital tachometer. The advantage of a simple hardware and software capabilities improve, measuring speed, high precision and control system reliable, cost-effective and so on. Keywords: AT89C51,Tachometer,Digital 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 目录 III 前言 1 1 转速表原理 2 1.1转速表原理分析 2 1.2转速计算及误差分析 2 1.3转速测量 4 1.4本章小结 5 2 单片机介绍 6 2.1 AT89C51简介 6 2.2 AT89C51引脚说明 7 2.3其他功能 9 2.4本章小结 9 3 硬件电路 10 3.1转速信号获取电路