2025年博士英文考试题目及答案.docVIP

2025年博士英文考试题目及答案

一、单项选择题（每题2分，共10题）

1.Whichofthefollowingisconsideredaprimarysourceofdatainhistoricalresearch?

A.Secondarysources

B.Diaries

C.Surveys

D.Encyclopedias

Answer:B

2.Theconceptofculturalrelativismismostcloselyassociatedwithwhichphilosopher?

A.ImmanuelKant

B.FriedrichNietzsche

C.EdwardBurnettTylor

D.KarlMarx

Answer:C

3.Inliterarycriticism,whichapproachfocusesonthesocialandhistoricalcontextofawork?

A.Formalism

B.Structuralism

C.Historicism

D.Psychoanalyticcriticism

Answer:C

4.Thetermparadigmshiftwaspopularizedbywhichscientist?

A.AlbertEinstein

B.IsaacNewton

C.ThomasKuhn

D.NikolaTesla

Answer:C

5.Whichofthefollowingisakeycharacteristicofpostmodernisminart?

A.Emphasisonrealism

B.Rejectionoftraditionalforms

C.Focusonscientificaccuracy

D.Strictadherencetoclassicaltechniques

Answer:B

6.Thescientificmethodprimarilyreliesonwhichtypeofreasoning?

A.Deductivereasoning

B.Inductivereasoning

C.Emotionalreasoning

D.Intuitivereasoning

Answer:B

7.Whichphilosopherismostassociatedwiththeideaofutilitarianism?

A.FriedrichNietzsche

B.JohnStuartMill

C.S?renKierkegaard

D.ArthurSchopenhauer

Answer:B

8.Ineconomics,thetermsupplyanddemandreferstotherelationshipbetween:

A.Laborandcapital

B.Moneyandinflation

C.Quantityandprice

D.Productionandconsumption

Answer:C

9.Theprocessofphotosynthesisisprimarilycarriedoutbywhichorganisms?

A.Fish

B.Fish

C.Fish

D.Plants

Answer:D

10.TheBigBangtheoryexplainstheoriginoftheuniverseintermsof:

A.Amassiveexplosion

B.Theexpansionofspace

C.Theformationofstars

D.Theevolutionofgalaxies

Answer:A

二、多项选择题（每题2分，共10题）

1.Whichofthefollowingareconsideredprimarysourcesinhistoricalresearch