大气中温室气体及其对地球温度影响.pdfVIP

Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere

Mainartic:GreenhousegasandGreenhouseeffect

ThegreenhouseeffectwasdiscoveredbyJosephFourierin1824andwas

firstinvestiedquantitativelybySvanteArrheniusin1896.Itisthe

processbywhichabsorptionandemissionofinfraredradiationby

atmosphericgaseswarmanetsloweratmosphereandsurface.

Recentincreasesinatmosphericcarbondioxide(CO2).ThemonthlyCO2

measurementsdisysmallseasonaloscillationsinanoverallyearly

uptrend;eachyearsumisreachedduringtheNorthern

Hemisphereslatespring,anddeclinesduringtheNorthernHemisphere

growingseasonasntsremovesomeCO2fromthe

atmosphere.Existenceofthegreenhouseeffectassuchisnotdisputed.

Naturallyoccurringgreenhousegaseshaveameanwarmingeffectof

about33°C(59°F),withoutwhichEarthwouldbeuninhabitable.[25][26]

OnEarth,themajorgreenhousegasesarewatervapor,whichcauses

about36–70%ofthegreenhouseeffect(notincludingclouds);carbon

dioxide(CO2),whichcauses9–26%;methane(CH4),whichcauses

4–9%;andozone,whichcauses3–7%.[27][28]Theissueishowthe

strengthofthegreenhouseeffectchangeswhenhumanactivityincreases

theatmosphericconcentrationsofsomegreenhousegases.

Humanactivitysincetheindustrialrevolutionhasincreasedthe

concentrationofvariousgreenhousegases,leadingtoincreasedradiative

Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere

Mainartic:GreenhousegasandGreenhouseeffect

ThegreenhouseeffectwasdiscoveredbyJ