“百家”何以融合.docxVIP

“百家”何以融合

摘要：睡虎地秦墓竹简并非法家思想一家独大，而是儒家、道家、墨家各有体现，这表明诸子百家并存的思想逻辑存在于先民的思想意识深处，这里既有殷周时期天命观的遗留，又有人治作为共同底色的人文观念，还有战国后期精英知识分子对于“经”与“权”的认识。用五行相生解释“命”，五行相克解释“运”的先秦解释系统是百家融合的哲学基础。该文聚焦于睡虎地秦墓竹简，着重关注简牍所反映的哲学观念，主要选取《秦律十八种》《为吏之道》《语书》《日说》等篇目阐释竹简体现的百家思想融合趋势，旨在为相关研究提供参考。

关键词：睡虎地秦墓竹简;道家;儒家;墨家;哲学基础;融合

中图分类号：K225;G529文献标识码：A文章编号：2096-4110（2024）07（b）-0065-04

HowtoIntegrate\HundredFamilies\

—TakingtheBambooSlipsfromtheQinTombinSleepingTigerLandasExamples

ZHANGXinyi，WEIWanlei

（DepartmentofHistory，UniversityofChineseAcademyofSocialSciences，Beijing，102488，China）

Abstract：ThebambooslipsfromtheQintombsintheSleepingTigerLandarenotdominatedbyLegalismalone，butarereflectedinConfucianism，Taoism，andMohism.Thisindicatesthatthelogicofthecoexistenceofvariousschoolsofthoughtexisteddeepinthemindsofourancestors，includingthelegacyoftheconceptofdestinyfromtheYinandZhoudynasties，thehumanisticconceptofrulebymanasacommonbackground，andtheunderstandingof\classics\and\power\byeliteintellectualsinthelateWarringStatesperiod.ThepreQininterpretationsystemofusingthefiveelementstoexplain\fate\and\fortune\throughtheirmutualgenerationandrestraintisthephilosophicalfoundationofthefusionofvariousschoolsofthought.ThisarticlefocusesonthebambooslipsoftheQintombintheSleepingTigerLand，withaparticularemphasisonthephilosophicalconceptsreflectedintheslips.ItmainlyselectsarticlessuchasTheEighteenLawsofQin，TheWayofBeinganOfficial，TheBookofLanguage，andTheDailyTalktoexplainthetrendoftheintegrationofvariousschoolsofthoughtreflectedinthebambooslips，aimingtoprovidereferenceforrelatedresearch.

Keywords：SleepingTigerLandQinTombBambooSlips;Taoism;Confucian;Mohistschool;PhilosophicalFoundation;Integrate

睡虎地秦墓竹简，1975年出土于湖北省云梦县睡虎地秦墓中，又被称为“睡虎地秦简”和“云梦秦简”。这些竹简长23.1—27.8cm，宽0.5—0.8cm，内文为墨书秦隶，写