亨格瑞成本与管理会计（第17版）教师手册 第18章 分步成本法.docx

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ProcessCosting

TransitionNotes

Theconceptofequivalentunitsnowprecedestheintroductionofthefive-stepprocess-costingsequence.Thisallowsthestudentstomorefullyunderstandthestepsinprocesscosting,asequivalentunitsareanintegralportionofthesefivesteps.Thediscussionofthefivestepshasbeenrewrittentoclarifytheprocess.AddedcoverageofcryptocurrencyandFIFOvs.LIFOAccounting.

*ThischapterwaspreviouslyChapter17.

EXERCISESANDPROBLEMS

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LEARNINGOBJECTIVES

Identifythesituationsinwhichprocess-costingsystemsareappropriate.

Understandthebasicconceptsofprocesscostingandcomputeaverageunitcosts.

Describethefivestepsinprocesscostingandcalculateequivalentunits.

Usetheweighted-averagemethodandthefirst-in,first-out(FIFO)methodofprocesscosting.

Applyprocess-costingmethodstosituationswithtransferred-incosts.

Understandtheneedforhybrid-costingsystemssuchasoperationcosting.

CHAPTERSYNOPSIS

Thischapterdealswiththetopicofprocesscosting.Processcostingisattheotherendofthespectrumfromjobcosting.Process-costingsystemsareusedwhencompaniesproducealargequantityofidenticalorverysimilargoodsorservices.Themaindifferenceinjob-costingandprocess-costingsystemsistheextentofaveraging—processsystemsusebroadaveragingtodetermineaunitcostfortheperiod.Thefive-stepprocesstoprocesscostingispresented:

Step1: Summarizetheflowofphysicalunits(ofoutput).

Step2: Computeoutputintermsofequivalentunits.

Step3: Summarizetotalcoststoaccountfor