高一英语必修第1册How do hurricanes get their names.docx

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高一英语必修第1册How do hurricanes get their names.docx

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Howdohurricanesgettheirnames?

Eachyear,asthesummercomestoaclose,hurricanesbegintoappear.Hurricanesarehugetropicalstormsthatcansometimesbeaslargeas600milesacross.

Hurricanesoccurinmanypartsoftheworld,butthey’renotalwayscalled“hurricanes”.Forthoseofyouwholikewords,youmaybeinterestedtoknowthathurricanesthatforminthewesternPacificOceanarecalled“typhoons(台风)”.IntheIndianOcean,theBayofBengalandAustralia,thesestormsarecalled“cyclones(旋风)”.They’reallthesametypeofstorm,though.

RecenthurricanesthathavecausedseriousdamageintheUnitedStatesincludeHurricaneIkeandHurricaneKatrina.OtherpasthurricaneshavehadnameslikeOpal,AndrewandFran.Howdotheygetthesenames?

Hurricanesaregivennamessothatmeteorologists(气象学家)canrecognizethemandtrackthemacrosstheoceans.Sincetherearesometimesdifferenthurricanesatacertaintime,namingthemhelpstoavoidconfusion(混淆).

Since1979,theWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationhasusedsixlistsofnames—bothmaleandfemale—inrotation.Eachlistcontainsanameforeachletterofthealphabet(字母表),exceptforQ,UandZ.Thesamelistsarereusedeverysixyears.

Everyonceinawhile,ahurricanewillcausesomuchdamagethatitsnamegoesdowninthehistorybooks.HurricaneKatrinaisarecentexampleofsuchadisastrousstorm.Whenastormisbadenough,itsnamewillneverbeusedagain,andanewnamewillbeaddedtothelist.

Althoughhurricanescanformatanytime,thehurricaneseasonintheAtlanticOceanisusuallyJune1toNovember30,withmosthurricanesoccurringinthefallmonths.TheeasternPacificOceanhurricaneseasonrunsfromaboutMay15toNovember30.