灭火空气炮的仿真与尺寸参数分析 .pdfVIP

灭火空气炮的仿真与尺寸参数分析

作者：李春雷储江伟高伟健解清波

来源：《森林工程》2020年第04期

摘要：為解决森林火灾问题，利用空气炮射程远的特点，将空气炮装备应用于森林消防

领域。本文建立空气炮射流的数学模型，利用Fluent软件和实验进行模型验证;在探讨如何通

过改变空气炮尺寸参数提高空气炮的有效灭火距离问题基础上，通过理论分析，选取空气炮高

压气室体积和炮管直径两个影响因素，选定市面上3种不同型号的空气炮进行仿真。实验结果

表明：炮管直径由89mm增加到108mm，空气炮的有效灭火距离增加了38.9%;高压气室体积

由220L增加到300L，空气炮的灭火距离增加不明显。由此可以得出结论：适当地增大空气

炮炮管直径可以有效提升空气炮的有效灭火距离，而相同条件下空气炮高压气室的体积对空气

炮有效灭火距离的作用不明显。

关键词：森林消防;空气炮;Fluent仿真;尺寸参数分析

Abstract：Inordertosolvetheproblemofforestfires，aircannonequipmentisusedinthe

fieldofforestfireprotectionbytakingadvantageofthelongrangeofaircannons.Inthispaper，a

mathematicalmodeloftheaircannonjetwasestablished，andthemodelsimulationverificationwas

performedwithFluentsoftwareandexperiment.Basedonthediscussionofhowtoincreasethe

effectivefireextinguishingdistanceoftheaircannonbychangingthesizeparametersoftheair

cannon，throughtheoreticalanalysis，thetwoinfluencingfactorsofthevolumeofthehigh-

pressureairchamberoftheaircannonandthediameterofthecannontubewereselectedandthree

differenttypesofaircannonsonthemarketweresimulated.Theexperimentalresultswere：the

diameterofthecannontubeincreasedfrom89mmto108mm，theeffectivefireextinguishing

distanceoftheaircannonincreasedby38.9%;thevolumeofthehighpressureairchamberincreased

from220Lto300L，andthefireextinguishingdistanceoftheaircannonwasnotsignificantly

increased.Fromthis，itcanbeconcludedthatincreasingthediameteroftheaircannontubecan

effectivelyimprovethefireextinguishingcapacityoftheaircannon，butunderthesame

conditions，thevolumeofthehighpressureairchamberoftheaircannonhasnoobviouseffecton

thefireextinguishingcapacityoftheaircannon.

Keywords：Forestfirefighting;aircannon;Fluentsimulation;sizeparameteranalysis

引言0

森林火灾一旦发生，对环境造成的危害是不可