高考总复习二轮英语 专题1 NO.3 易错防范 警惕6个高频易错点.ppt

专题一阅读理解NO.3易错防范?警惕6个高频易错点

易错点1易错点2目录索引0102易错点303易错点404易错点505易错点606

易错点1忽视干扰项中的以偏概全、扩大或缩小概括范围

[典例印证1](2022全国甲卷,B)Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(对称的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffin’scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin’scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

27.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearnersC.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters[错因]考生易错选C项。部分学生认为整篇文章都在介绍凤头鹦鹉的形状识别能力,凤头鹦鹉之所以能够认出形状,是因为它很聪明,能读懂信号,所以误选了C项,选择C项的学生思路过度延伸,夸大了凤头鹦鹉的能力。[点拨]本篇说明文主要介绍澳大利亚的凤头鹦鹉已被证明具有与两岁儿童相似的形状识别能力。第一段的第一句是主旨句,表明凤头鹦鹉有识别形状的能力,接着提到鹦鹉擅长使用工具,能够选择不同形状的钥匙。[自主解答]?D

[典例印证2](2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷,C)WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,