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大学英语六级阅读讲义
Text1
Itisirrefutablethatemployeesknowthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong.Sowhy
dontmoreemployeesintervenewhentheyseesomeoneexhibitingat-riskbehaviorinthe
workplace?
Thereareanumberoffactorsthatinfluencewhetherpeopleintervene.First,theyneedto
beabletoseeariskysituationbeginningtounfold.Second,thecompanyscultureneedsto
makethemfeelsafetospeakup.Andthird,theyneedtohavethecommunicationskillstosay
somethingeffectively.
Thisisnotstrictlyaworkplaceproblem;itsagrowingproblemoffthejobtoo.Everyday
peoplewitnessthingsonthestreetandchoosetostandidlyby.Thisisknownasthebystander
effectthemorepeoplewhowitnessanevent,thelesslikelyanyoneinthatgroupistohelp
—
thevictim.Thepsychologybehindthisiscalleddiffusionofresponsibility.Basically,thelarger
thecrowd,themorepeopleassumethatsomeoneelsewilltakecareofit—meaningnoone
effectivelyintervenesoractsinamomentofneed.
Thiscrowdmentalityisstrongenoughforpeopletoevadetheirknown
responsibilities.Butitsnotonlyfrontlineworkerswhodontmakesafetyinterventionsinthe
workplace.Therearealsoinstanceswheresupervisorsdonotinterveneeither.
Whenagroupofemployeesseesunsafebehaviornotbeingaddressedataleadership
levelitcreatestheprecedentthatthisishowthesesituationsshouldbeaddressed,thus
definingthesafetycultureforeveryone.
Despitethefactthatworkersareencouragedtointervenewhentheyobserveunsafe
operations,thishappenslessthanhalfofthetime.Fearistheultimatefactorinnot
intervening.Thereisafearofpenalty,afearthattheyllhavetodomoreworkifthey
intervene.Unsuccessfulattemptsinthepastareanotherstrongcontributingfactortowhy
peopledontintervene—theytendtoprefertodeferthatactiontosomeoneelseforallfuture
situations
Onmanyworksites,com
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