公民亲属关系认定问题思考.pdf

公安法治研究RuleofLawinPublicSecurityWork2023年第5期

公民亲属关系认定问题思考

王仁燕（贵州警察学院，贵州 贵阳 550005）

摘要：在《民法典》中，有多处条规涉及公民亲属的权利义务。《民法典》首次从法律的角度明确了亲属的范畴，

但是其对范畴内的“血亲”这一概念尚未明确。因为血亲既包括了直系又包括旁系，这就造成了亲属范围的不

确定性。另外虽然从法律层面提出了亲属的范畴，但是通过对相关政务部门的调研发现，目前并没有一个成熟

的系统可以提供公民的亲属关系数据查询。各相关部门都有从不同角度对公民的亲属关系进行搜集，但因为分

布于不同的业务系统，没有实现共通共享，没有有机整合这些数据，所以，也使得公民的亲属关系这一客观存在，

在大数据时代仍不能便捷、完整可视化的困境。这也使得《民法典》关于亲属关系方面的认定在可操作性上打

了折扣。

关键词：民法典；亲属关系；数据困境

DeliberationontheIdentificationofCitizensRelatives

Wang Renyan

（Guizhou Police College, Guiyang 550005, China)

Abstract：In the Civil Code of the Peoples Republic of China, there are many provisions relevant to the rights and obligations

of citizens relatives. Although it is the first time for the Civil Code to define the scope of relatives from a legal perspective,

the concept of blood relatives within the scope of relatives has not been clarified. Since blood relatives include both lineal

and collateral relatives, this brings uncertainty to the scope of relatives. In addition, although the scope of relatives has been

legislatively put forward, our survey conducted on relevant government departments has revealed that there is no available mature

system to provide access to data on citizens relatives. Different departments have been collecting data on citizens relatives

through various channels. As these departments belong to different business systems, they are unable to share or integrate these

data systematically. Therefore, even in the era of big data, the information concerning citizens relatives cannot b