初三英语动词不定式专项复习.docxVIP

初三英语动词不定式专项复习 一、动词不定式的定义 动词不定式是一种非谓语形式（不能作谓语），动词不定式 在句子中用法灵活，作用很大，是中考中重要的考查项目之 一，大家一定要学好！ 二、动词不定式的基本形式肯定式：to + 动词原形 否定式：not to + 动词原形 (to 是不定式符号、标志，无意义，可以不翻译) 三、动词不定式的特征 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）； 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 四、动词不定式的用法 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中 可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 1、不定式作宾语 能跟不定式作宾语的动词（及物动词）很多，常见的有wan t to do, like to do, wish to do, hate to do, hope to do, prefer to do, try to do, ask to do, start to do, begin to do, decide to do, learn to do, choose to do, agree to d o, expect to do, remember to do, forget to do， 等 。Vt.(及物动词)+ to do sth. He wanted to borrow my CD player. His brother is learning to drive. I hope to speak English well. 动词不定式作宾语其后又有补足语时，常用 it 作形式宾语， 而把不定式后置。 I fond it difficult to learn physics. 2、不定式作宾语补足语 动词不定式位于及物动词的宾语后，补充说明宾语，作补足 语。 常用带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 want sb to do, ask sb to do , tell sb to do, order sb to do, get sb to do, wish sb to do, allow sb to do, invite sb to do, t each sb to do, encourage sb to do, beg sb to do 等。 Vt. + sb. + (not) to do sth. The teacher told us to read the text. Who taught you to play the music. He asked me not to tell you the news. His parents didn’t allow him to play 常用省去 to 的动词不定式作补足语的动词有：“一感（feel）、二听（hear, listen to）、三让（make, let, have）、四看（l ook at, see, watch, notice）” Please listen to me sing this song again. I felt someone open my door. The boss made the girl work ten hour a day. You must watch me carefully do everything. 跟省to 的还有:had better,why not….?why don’t you…?wi ll you please…?shall,will,would 及其他情态动词之后。 3、不定式作状语 动词不定式位于不及物动词之后作状语，可作目的、结果、 原因状语。 She came here to borrow an English book.（目的） Let’s stop to have a rest. She is too young to go to school.（结果） He runs fast enough to catch a horse. I’m sorry to make you wait here so long.（原因） We are surprised to see such beautiful animals. 4、不定式作主语 To see is to believe. To know something about English is one thing;