人教版高考英语一轮复习语法专题8定语从句课件.pptVIP

考点六 定语从句与其他句型的区别 1.定语从句与同位语从句的区别。二者都跟在名词后面, 区别: 定语从句修饰先行词, 是对其进行修饰限定; 同位语从句则是对前面名词的解释说明, 是其内容。同位语从句前的名词常为抽象名词, 如idea, fact, truth, evidence, news, thought。同位语从句主要由that引导, 在从句中不做成分, 有时也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导, 在从句中充当成分。 The news that our team won made us excited. (our team won是news的内容, that不充当从句的成分, 为同位语从句。可理解为: The news was that our team won.) 我们队赢了的消息让我们很兴奋。 The news that he told me was exciting. (he told me 缺少一个直接宾语, 由that充当, 故为定语从句。不能将其理解为: The news was that he told me.) 他告诉我的消息令人兴奋。 2.定语从句与并列句和简单句的区别。区别的关键是看标点和连接词。 Our class has sixty students, most of whom study hard. (逗号后为另一个句子, 两个句子之间要用关系代词whom, 为定语从句) 我们班有六十名学生, 大多数学习很刻苦。 Our class has sixty students, and most of them study hard. (逗号后为另一个句子, 且已经有并列连词and, 故用them即可, 为并列句) Our class has sixty students. Most of them study hard. (两句之间为句号, 代表两个独立的简单句, 故不需要连接词) 3.定语从句与状语从句的区别。定语从句的前面必有先行词, 而状语从句(如时间状语从句和地点状语从句)则是做整个句子的状语, 前面没有先行词。 Do you know the time when he will come back? (定语从句, 前面有先行词the time) 你知道他什么时候回来吗? I will go shopping when he comes back. (时间状语从句, 表示主句动作发生的时间, 前面没有先行词) 当他回来的时候, 我将去购物。 Put the book where it belongs. (地点状语从句, 指的是“放书”的地点, 前面无先行词, 因此不能用to which) 把书放在它该放的地方。 Put the book in the place where it belongs. (定语从句, 前面有先行词place) 4.定语从句与强调句的区别。当it is/was后出现表示地点或时间的名词时, 其后所接的从句是定语从句还是强调句, 要看将it is/was和that(可以先假设)去掉之后句式是否完整(不缺少成分), 若句式完整则为强调句。 It was Sunday when he came back. (定语从句) 他星期天回来的。 It was on Sunday that he came back. (强调句式, 强调的是时间状语on Sunday, 去掉It was和that后句式完整) 他是星期天回来的。 语法专项提升 语法专题八　定语从句 英 语 内容索引 核心考点?分层突破 专项训练?巩固提升 核心考点?分层突破 高考链接 1.(2021·天津3月, 单项填空)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from 　　　　　　?we can learn without repeating them.? which 句意: 威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过, 历史会告诉我们过去的错误, 我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知, past mistakes为先行词, “from 　　　we can learn without repeating them” 为定语从句, 先行词为物, 引导词紧跟介词之后, 故填which。? 2.(2020·全国Ⅰ, 语篇填空)Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the mo