从基因组学到蛋白质组学.pptxVIP

从基因组学到蛋白质组学第1页/共20页 The Human Genome is encoded by 23 chromosome pairsThese encode ~20,300 different genesc.2001第2页/共20页 DNA is composed of 4 chemical bases (nucleic acids)A, G, C, TDNA double helixThe “simple” chemistry of DNA has industrialised genomics第3页/共20页 1st genome:$70MNow: $50K and decreasing rapidly第4页/共20页 第5页/共20页 CaterpillarButterflyGenome vs. ProteomeGenomes are static, Proteomes are dynamicHeartLiver第6页/共20页 HemoglobinAntibodyEpidermal Growth Factor ReceptorProteins are molecular machines of many shapes and sizesRubisco第7页/共20页 Proteins are composed of up to 20 amino acids- Different physical and chemical propertiesProteins can fold to formunique structures to providecellular specificityLarge dynamic range ofcellular protein levels 106第8页/共20页 20,300 protein coding genes30% lack experimental evidence for their existence230 cells in humans. Each cell has a different proteomeVery little information about :abundancecell type distributionsubcellular localisationInteractions with other proteinsFunction!The Human Proteome第9页/共20页 The Human Proteome20,000 genesAssume each protein contains 4 sites of post-translational modification2^4 x 20,000 = 320,000 protein speciesThe proteome is enormously large and complex第10页/共20页 Proteomics is the study of the proteins in a genome at a given time Determining the identity of the proteins Determining the amount of the proteins Determining the interaction between proteins第11页/共20页 Proteomics at Macquarie UniversityBirthplace of the term ‘proteomics’ – Wilkins 1994Home of Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF) since 1995Largest array of proteomic instrumentation in Australia for research and services5 leading research groups (Baker, Hancock, Haynes, Molloy, Packer)50 Macquarie University staff/students using APAF annually for research 第12页/共20页 Example Applications of Proteomics Identify proteins in blood for disease diagnosis or prognosis Identify proteins in plants that help with salt tolerance or drought tol