哈伯德微观经济学.pptxVIP

哈伯德微观经济学第1页/共35页 2 of 34 After studying this chapter, you should be able to:Discuss the variables that influence demand.Discuss the variables that influence supply.Use a graph to illustrate market equilibrium.Use demand and supply graphs to predict changes in prices and quantities.Carly FiorinaHow Hewlett-Packard Managesthe Demand for PrintersLEARNING OBJECTIVES… Because of the importance of printers to Hewlett-Packard, the company devotes significant resources to monitoring and forecasting consumer demand.1234第2页/共35页 3 of 34The Demand Side of the MarketThe Demand of an Individual BuyerLEARNING OBJECTIVE1Quantity demanded The quantity of a good or service that a consumer is willing to purchase at a given price.3 - 1Plotting a Price-Quantity Combination on a GraphAt a price of $125 per printer, Kate, the purchasing manager for the Prudential Insurance Company, will be willing to buy 5 printers in the next month.第3页/共35页 4 of 34The Demand Side of the MarketDemand schedule A table showing the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity of the product demanded.Demand curve A curve that shows the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity of the product demanded.Demand Schedules and Demand Curves3 - 2Kate’s Demand Schedule and Demand Curve第4页/共35页 5 of 34The Demand Side of the MarketIndividual Demand and Market DemandMarket demand The demand for a product by all the consumers in a given geographical area.3 - 3Deriving the Market Demand Curve from Individual Demand Curves第5页/共35页 6 of 34The Demand Side of the MarketThe Law of DemandThe Law of Demand Holding everything else constant, when the price of a product falls, the quantity demanded of the product will increases, and when the price of a product rises, the quantity demanded of the product will decrease.What Explains the Law of Demand?Substitution effect The change in the quantity demanded of a good that results from a change in price making the good more or less