油田压裂用化学剂的使用问答 FAQ Chemical Usage for Fracturing.pdfVIP

Facts on Hydraulic Fracturing Exploring Chemicals Water storage for completion January 2015 operation in Colorado. 2 Part 1 Introduction The oil and natural gas industry has been using the technique of hydraulic fracturing, or fracking as it is more commonly known, for decades in order to economically produce oil and natural gas found in dense subsurface rock formations. Hydraulic fracturing opens microscopic pathways that enable natural gas and oil to pass through the tight rock formations into the wellbore and ultimately be collected in a safe, cost-effective, and timely manner at the surface. The process requires significant amounts of water and relatively small amounts of additives, or chemicals. Some environmental and public concerns have been raised regarding the use of chemical additives. The industry recognizes the need for better understanding transparency and continuing education regarding the use of these chemicals and hydraulic fracturing technology. Just as hydraulic fracturing is essential to producing oil and natural gas from tight rock, chemical additives play vital roles and are necessary to the hydraulic fracturing process. There are only a limited number of chemicals that are routinely used, although there are many chemicals that service companies could use as additives. Through regulatory measures, voluntary actions and appropriate management practices, the oil and natural gas industry implements the necessary measures to mitigate and manage risks posed by shale gas operations. Key Facts: 1. Additives are necessary for the successful placement of the fracture treatment and to enhance safe and efficient production of oil