基于单片机的仓库火灾报警系统设计.doc

PAGE I 摘 要 近年来，随着我国经济和城市规划的快速发展，电子产品在人们生活中的应用越来越多，由此引发的火灾数量也越来越多，火灾造成的危害逐年攀升。它已成为我国常发性和破坏性以及影响力最强的灾害之一。火灾的不及时发现，导致 \o 贻误 贻误了救火的时间。为了确保人们生命和财产安全，有必要建立有效的预警系统，以便能够在火灾发生时，迅速发现并处理。 本课题设计的火灾报警系统主要由三大部分组成：主控制器模块、信号采集模块和远程数据传输模块。其中主控制模块采用STC89C52单片机，信号采集模块采用MQ-2和DHT-11传感器，远程数据传输模块采用蓝牙通讯模块。通过MQ-2气体传感器和DHT-11温度传感器对外部环境数据进行获取，送往单片机处理。当检测烟雾或空气温度过高时，该报警器将会声光报警。DHT-11温度传感器内部采用8位独立单片机用于温度采集以及对采集的数据采用一定的算法进行校准，确保传感器比单纯的NTC热敏电阻所采集的数据更为准确。MQ-2气体传感器通过外部电位器调节其灵敏度输出数字量信号。 当发生火灾时，该系统发出声响警报。在该设计中安装了蜂鸣器，如果探测到烟雾和温度不正常，则意味着火灾发生，然后发出声响报警并通过蓝牙通信模块向移动电话发送警报信号。该警报器成本低廉，稳定可靠，易于与其他产品进行对接。 关键词：火灾报警；MCU；温度传感器；气体传感器；蓝牙通讯 基于单片机的火灾报警系统设计 PAGE 3 DESIGN OF FIRE ALARM SYSTEM BASED ON SINGLE-CHIP Abstract In recent years, with the rapid development of Chinas economy and urban planning, more and more electronic products are used in peoples lives, and the number of fires caused by them is also increasing. The damage caused by fires is increasing year by year. It has become one of the most frequent and destructive disasters and the most influential disasters in our country. The untimely detection of the fire led to a delay in the time to rescue the fire. In order to ensure the safety of peoples lives and property, it is necessary to establish an effective early warning system, so that when a fire occurs, it can be quickly detected and dealt with. The fire alarm system designed in this subject is mainly composed of three major parts: the main controller module, the signal acquisition module and the remote data transmission module. The main control module uses STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer, the signal acquisition module uses MQ-2 and DHT-11 sensors, and the remote data transmission module uses Bluetooth communication module. The external environment data is acquired through the MQ-2 gas sensor and the DHT-11 temperature sensor, and sent to the microcontroller for processing. When detecting smoke or air temperature is too high, the alarm will sound and light alarm. The DHT-11 temperature sensor uses