教学课件 医学院校硕士研究生英语视听说（第二版）.ppt

Culture Link 2. Synchronized swimming: Synchronized swimming is a combination of swimming, gymnastics, and dance, consisting of swimmers (either individuals, duets, teams or combos) performing a synchronized routine of elaborate and dramatic moves in the water, accompanied by music. Culture Link 2. Synchronized swimming: Synchronized swimming demands some water skills, and requires incredible strength, endurance, flexibility, grace, artistry and precise timing, not to mention exceptional breath control while upside down underwater. Developed in the early 1900s in Canada, it is a sport performed almost exclusively by women. In its early form it was sometimes known as “water ballet”. It is a Summer Olympic Games sport. First demonstrated in 1952, it has been an official event since 1984. Background Information An eponymous disease is one that has been named after the person who first described the condition. This usually involves publishing an article in a respected medical journal. Rarely an eponymous disease may be named after a patient (examples include Christmas disease, Lou Gehrig’s disease, Hartnup disease and Mortimer’s disease). Background Information Related disease namings include place names (Bornholm disease, Lyme disease, Ebola hemorrhagic fever) and even societies (Legionnaires’ disease). These, however, are not eponyms. Background Information Eponyms are a longstanding tradition in Western science and medicine. Being awarded an eponym is regarded as an honour: “eponymity, not anonymity, is the standard” (Merton R K, 1973). It is regarded as bad form to attempt to eponymise oneself. At a time when medicine lacked the tools to investigate the underlying causes of many syndromes, the eponym was a convenient mechanism for attaching a label to a disease. In order to freely discuss something, it must have a name. Background Information What is Alzheimer’s disease? Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder named for German physician Alois Alzheimer, who firs