初中英语 中考复习：三大从句(含答案).docxVIP

三大从句 精讲点拨 宾语从句 1）．概念：用一个完整的句子做宾语,叫做宾语从句。宾语从句可作主句谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾 语。 宾 语  引 导 词  打酱油派（无意义无成分 that 可省略） if/whether??纠结派（yes?or?no） 个性派（看具体情况选 He?said?(that)?he?could?finish?his?work before?supper. Alice?wanted?to?know?if?/?whether?her grandmother?liked?the?bag. I?don’t?know?where?I?can?buy?the?books. 特殊疑问词 从 句 语序  陈述语序 用） “引导词?+主语?+谓语?+其  I?want?to?know?what?you?were?doing?at that?time. 时态 它” 主过从过，主现从任??????I?believe?that?he?will?come?to?help?us. He?knew?that?he?was?wrong. 2）．易错点： 1.引导词?if?不能与?or?not?连用；whether?可以。 如：I?don’t?know?whether?I?can?pass?the?exam?or?not. 2.?could?开头的一般疑问句代表委婉请求，不代表过去式。 如：Could?you?tell?me?how?I?can?go?to?the?bus?station? ）3.?从句为客观真理时，时态不受主句影响。（注意三单哦！ ） 如：The?teacher?told?us?yesterday?that?the?earth?goes?round?the?sun. 4.?当从句为?What’s?the?matter？或?What’s?wrong?时，从句的语序不用改变。 ★拓展：宾语从句的简化 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，若从句的主语在主句中出现过时，可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如： 1 I?dont?know?what?I?should?do. Can?you?tell?me?how?I?get?to?the?hospital? → → I?dont?know?what?to?do. Can?you?tell?me?how?to?get?to?the?hospital? ★两种易混淆的结构 how?to?deal?with?it how?to?do?it what?to?do?with what?to?do 定语从句 1）．定语从句的概念 【概念】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。 The man （who lives next to us） is a policeman. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 先行词 关系代词 被修饰的名词或代词 放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。 关系代词有：who;?which;?that;?who;?whom 2）．详解引导定语从句的关系代词 关系词 关 系 代  who whom whose 先行词 人 人 人、物 在从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语 宾语 定语 举例 I?know?the?girl?who?is?crying. I?met?the?boy?with?whom?you?talked. The?lady?whose?husband?works?abroad?is aunt. 词 that which  人、物 物  主语、宾语 主语、宾语 I?like?the?pen?that?you?gave?to?me. The?film?which?was?shown?last?night?w great?success 3）．补充特殊情况 只能用?which，不用?that?的情况： 2 (1)?在非限制性定语从中。例如： The?meeting?was?put?off,?which?was?exactly?what?we?wanted. (2)?定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如： The?thing?about?which?he?is?talking?is?of?great?importance. 只能用?that?的情况,不能用?which?或?who?的情况： 1.?先行词为?everything,?all,?little,?much?等不定代词时 2.?先行词被?all,?every,?no,?any,?some,?little,?much?修饰时 3.?先行词被?the?only,?the?very,?the?same,?the?last?修饰时 只能用?tha