轻型木结构防火.ppt

多层住宅建筑木结构防火Fire Control in Wood-Frame Multi Family BuildingsCanada Wood Shanghai Herbert Otto B. Arch., MRAIC 火灾统计 Fire Statistics 在北美，木结构房屋的火灾伤亡记录和不燃材料房屋建筑的火灾伤亡记录是相当的。 In North America, the fire casualty records of wood-frame houses is similar to that of non combustible apartment buildings 大部分的伤亡和破坏是由家具等物品引起的 Most casualties and fire damages are caused by dwelling contents 小型建筑物的规范 Code for small buildings 加拿大国家建筑规范第9章 Part 9 of the National Building Code 建筑面积小于600 m2 Building area under 600 m2 较大的建筑要用防火墙隔开，每个区域的面积小于600 m2 Larger building divided by fire walls into building areas of less than 600 m2 小于3层 Less than 3 storeys in height 适用于住宅，商业和轻工业 Used for housing, commercial, and light industrial 加拿大住宅不同的设计：Canadian housing accommodates a variety of designs: 商业和公寓额混合结构 Mixed use commercial apartment 防火 Controlling Fire 加拿大规范明确的规定了安全等级 Canadian Codes have clearly defined occupant safety criteria 所有的住宅都要安装烟感装置 Smoke detectors are required in all houses 建议安装一氧化碳监测装置 CO detectors are recommended. 距离逃生通道的距离不能超过规定的要求 Travel distances to exits must not be exceeded 上层要求设置额外的避难平台和出口 Additional areas of refuge and egress required from upper storeys 隔离并控制烟气 Smoke separations and control 家用报警装置Alerting Home Occupants 所有的住宅都要安装烟感装置 Smoke detectors are required in all houses 建议安装一氧化碳监测装置 CO detectors are recommended. 加拿大规范中生命安全是最根本的原则 Life safety is a fundamental priority in Canadian codes 防火-火源Controlling Fire - Ignition 到热源的距离 Clearance from heat sources 电气安装标准 Electrical installation standards 机械安装标准 Mechanical installation standards 保护易燃材料 Protection of flammable construction materials 防火-火势的发展Controlling Fire - Growth 控制易燃的表面和装修 Limiting flammability of surfaces and finishes 自动喷淋系统 Automatic sprinkler systems 保护可燃的结构 Protected combustible construction 不燃的结构 Non combustible construction 防火-单元之间Controlling Fire – Between dwellings 防火墙 Fire resistant walls 防火楼盖 Fire resis