初中英语 被动+宾语从句+感叹句练习题（含答案）.pdfVIP

被动语态基本结构 be+done(过去分词) 时态 主动语态结构 被动语态结构 一般现在时：do/does am/is/are +done 一般过去时：did was/were + done 现在进行时：am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 现在完成时：have/has done have/has been done 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to do will/shall/be going to be done 过去进行时：was/were doing was/were being done 过去完成时：had done had been done 过去将来时：would/should/be going to do would/should/be going to be done 含有情态动词：can/may/must do can/may/must be done 动词不定式：to do to be done; 被动语态与系表结构区别： 1）被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，系表结构表主语的特点或所处状态。 Eg：The shop was closed by the police.(动作) The shop is closed today.(状态) 2)被动语态结构中常出现by 短语。系表结构过去分词常有固定介词搭配。 Eg：Miss Wang is satisfied with us.(系表结构) 3 ）系表结构通常一般现在时和一般过去时。被动可用于多种时态。 主动语态变被动语态 主动语态结构：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者 We asked him to sing an English song. 主语 We ，动作执行者； 我们要求他唱一首英文歌。 谓语动词主动形式：asked 一般过去时； 宾语 him 动作的承受者；后面动词不定式做状语 被动语态结构 动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者 原句动作执行者 him ,放到主语位置，要换成主格形式He. 谓语动词asked 被动 was asked. 常出现的by 结构 ，被；by us 被我们。不能是by we..主格we 要换成宾格； He was asked to sing an English song by us. 带双宾语的谓语动词被动语态 She gave me a book. 主语：She,动作执行者； 她给我一本书 谓语动词主动形式：gave，一般现在时； 宾语 me 和 a book ；a book 直接宾语； me 间接宾语; 批注 [xb21cn1]: 有些及物动词可以 变被动语态： 有两个宾语,一个指人,一个指物,前者 I was given a book by her. 叫作间接宾语;后者叫作直接宾语。 A book was given to me by her. 了解：不带to 的不定式做宾补变被动语态后要加上to 感官动词see hear watch feel notice 等，使役动词let make have 等后面省略to 的不定式，变被动句 时，需还原to; He makes the girl stay at home. The girl is made to stay at home by him. 感叹句： (1) What a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词的单数( ＋主语＋谓语)! (2) What ＋形容词＋可数名词的复数/不可数名词(＋主语